教育数据:制式化、设计及作为研究范式  

Education Data:Standardization,Design and as a Research Paradigm

作　　者：张远增 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2017年第5期57-63,共7页Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University

摘　　要：教育数据是人类主观建构的记载教育系统及其活动和活动结果的体系。在大数据时代,教育数据既是科学研究范式又是产品和资源。此研究论述了教育数据制式及其结构与内容、教育数据设计及其结构与内容,以及作为科学研究范式的教育大数据。教育数据制式由数据形态、数据限度及数据开发三个维度的规定组成。教育数据设计由分析数据需求信息、确定数据目标体系、设计数据结构、确定数据构成要素、确定数据采集方式、确定数据设计结果等前后相继的六项工作组成。教育大数据作为科学研究范式,是对已有教育研究范式的集成或折衷,是一种同时具有有限客观性和主观性的研究范式。它对教育学学术研究提出的实质性挑战是,教育学尽快建立起教育信息学和计算教育学两个分支,为促进教育实现从工业化教育到数字化教育的转型提供理论指导。Education data is a system which is constructed subjectively by human and records the state,activities and activity results of education system. In the era of big data,education data is not only a product and resource but also a scientific research paradigm. This paper discusses the standard of education data and its structure and content,the design of education data and its structure and content as well as the education big data as a paradigm of scientific research. The standard of education data is composed of three dimensions:data form,data limit and data development. The design of education data is rooted in six successive activities,which are to analyze the demand information of data,to determine the target system of data,to design the structure of data,to determine the elements of data structure,to determine the acquisition methods of data and to determine the results of data design. In educational academic research, as a research paradigm,the big data of education is an integration or compromise of existing educational research paradigm,and it is a research paradigm with limited objectivity and limited subjectivity. It poses a substantive challenge to the academic research of education:pedagogy should set up two branches of Educational Informatics and Computational Pedagogy as soon as possible in order to provide theoretical guidance for promoting the transformation of education from industrialization education to digital education.

关 键 词：教育大数据 教育数据制式 教育数据设计 研究范式 

分 类 号：G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]