基于逆滤波的轨道不平顺测评误差分析及滤波参数优化  

Error Analysis of Track Irregularity Measuring and Filter Parameters Optimization Based on Inverse Filtering Method

作　　者：王源[1,2] 李帅[1,2] 陈嵘 王平[1,2] 林渝轲[1,2] 汪鑫[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2017年第10期102-109,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51425804;51778542;U1334203;U1234201);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2015G002-A)

摘　　要：弦测法是目前国内外使用最普遍的轨道不平顺测评方法之一。本文采用滤波模型描述弦测法对轨道不平顺的测评过程,借助频率采样方法构造逆滤波器实现轨道不平顺波形的复原,进一步定义滤波器等效长度和误差放大系数,对不同滤波器设计参数的误差影响进行分析,发现截止波长与采样步长的增加将导致误差快速积累;滤波器等效长度越大,波长的截断效果越明显,滤波效果越好。提出轨道不平顺测评过程中滤波参数的优化思路:一是采用更小的采样步长提高测评精度,二是采用更高的滤波器阶数优化滤波效果。以一段1km长的高速铁路轨道区段为例,根据逆滤波器设计方法,实现其轨道不平顺的复原,检测精度为0.01mm时测评误差在1~50m波长范围不超过0.84mm。The chord measuring method is one of the most commonly used methods for track irregularity evalua-tion both in China and in the world. This paper described the track irregularity evaluation process of the chord measuring method using the filtering model, and realized the restoration of the original waveform of the track irregularity by constructing an inverse filter using the frequency sampling method. Then the filter equivalent length and error amplification factor were defined. By analyzing the influence of the errors of different filter de-sign parameters, it is found that the increase of cutoff wavelength and sampling step will lead to rapid accumu-lation of errors. The longer the filter equivalent length, the more obvious and better cutoff effect of the wave-length. In summary, the optimization proposal of filter parameters during the track irregularity evaluation was put forward： on the one hand, using the smaller sampling step to improve the evaluation accuracy, on the other hand, using higher filter orders to optimize the filter effect. In the end, in the case of a field experiment conducted on a 1 kilometer railway section, the track irregularity is restored using the design method of the in-verse filter. At the measuring accuracy of 0. 01 mm（standard deviation） , the error is less than 0. 84 mm within 1 ？50 m wavelength.

关 键 词：轨道不平顺 弦测法 逆滤波 误差分析 参数优化 

分 类 号：U213.213[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]