蒸汽爆破与碱法协同预处理对小麦秸秆结构及酶解的影响  

The Effect of Integrated Processes of Steam Explosion and Alkaline Pretreatment on the Structure of Wheat Straw and Its Enzymatic Hydrolysis

作　　者：何士成 孙曼钰 孙忠岩 舒月力 贾士儒[1] 钟成[1] 

机构地区：[1]工业发酵微生物教育部重点实验室天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2017年第5期126-132,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503135-15)

摘　　要：以小麦秸秆为原料,采用蒸汽爆破预处理(SP)、碱法预处理(AP)以及两者协同预处理的方式分别进行预处理,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)等方法,分析了预处理前后麦秆形态和化学成分的变化规律,研究了碱处理与蒸汽爆破的不同组合对麦秆成分及后续酶解的影响。研究表明:相比先碱法后蒸汽爆破预处理(ASP),先蒸汽爆破后碱法预处理(SAP)的麦秆中纤维素质量分数高达88.15%,半纤维素和木质素质量分数分别减少到5.55%和4.13%。SEM和FT-IR分析结果及低底物浓度酶解结果表明,与其他预处理方法相比,SAP对麦秆的物理结构破坏程度更大,对木质素的去除效果更显著,纤维素的酶解转化率也明显优于其他预处理样品。以分批补料的手段对各预处理后麦秆进行高底物浓度酶解,SAP样品在底物质量浓度高达180 g/L时,酶解120 h,纤维素转化率可达80.53%。蒸汽爆破与碱处理的不同组合方式对麦秆的预处理效果不同,SAP的方法能极大的提高麦秆的酶解效率。Various combined processes of steam explosion and alkaline pretreatment were experimentally compared and evaluated on wheat straw materials. The morphological characterizations of pretreated wheat straw were performed by scanning electron microscope and FT-IR spectroscopy,to qualitatively determine the composition changes of pretreated wheat straw. Comparing to the single process or the combination of alkaline pretreatment followed by steam explosion（ ASP）,the steam explosion followed by alkaline process（ SAP） pretreatment removed most of lignin,degraded hemicelluloses,and incurred a higher surface area of the cellulose-rich substrates. And the remaining contents of cellulose,xylan and lignin in SAP sample were 88. 15%,5. 55%,4. 13%,respectively. Moreover,SAP enhanced the fed batch enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose-rich substrates to a maximum value of 80. 53% even at the high cellulose loading of 18%. The results indicated that the SAP process is advantageous scheme for the enhancement of enzymatic efficiency.

关 键 词：碱法预处理 蒸汽爆破预处理 麦秆 酶解 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]