「~ない」型复合形容词的句法功能及极性特征  

A Study on the Type of “-nai” Compound Adjectives:Distribution Features of Syntactic Functions and Polarity

作　　者：仇虹[1] Qiu Hong(Lecturer at Qingdao Agricultural University, Chin)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2017年第5期40-46,共7页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

摘　　要：一部分由名词性语素与「ない」构成的词在意义上与短语"名词+「が」+「ない」"相似,因此,历来的研究往往忽视两者句法功能的不同。笔者收集了词典中的「~ない」型复合形容词,通过语料库调查和用例分析发现,其句法功能分布不平衡的特征表明了复合词与短语的互补性及词汇否定与句法否定的连续性。「~ない」型复合形容词在极性方面具有不对称性的特征,既无对应的肯定形式,又极少使用否定形式,处于一种中立的状态。Some ＂-nai＂ compound adjectives which consist of noun morphemes and ＂nai＂, have meanings that are similar to the phrase of ＂noun＋ga＋nai＂ in Japanese, which may explain why the differences of syntactic functions have been overlooked in previous studies. The author collects the ＂-nai＂ compound adjectives from a corpus survey and finds that the unbalanced dis- tribution in their syntactic functions shows complementarity between compounds and phrases and continuity between lexical negation and grammatical negation by statistical analysis. The type of ＂-nai＂ compound adjectives also shows the feature of asymmetries in polarity as a middle status, which suggests a lack of affirmation forms and a low frequency use of negation forms.

关 键 词：~ない 型复合形容词 句法功能 极性 分布特征 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]