专业人员过时研究:理论溯源、现状总结与未来展望  

Research on Professional Obsolescence: Theory Retrospect,Status Summary and Future Prospects

作　　者：岳林洋 黄维德[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学商学院,上海200237

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2017年第11期90-102,共13页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71372079);华东理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(222201422003)

摘　　要：随着科技与知识加速更迭,以及社会环境不断变化,专业人员知识技能过时已成为威胁个体职业发展和组织生存竞争的重要因素。相关研究在国外已出现半个多世纪,取得了一定成果,但仍有诸多问题值得探讨,国内研究则十分罕见。本文回溯了专业人员过时研究的发展历程,从专业人员过时的概念、影响因素、发生机理、结果变量和应对策略等方面评述了已有研究,最后讨论了未来研究方向,以期引起国内学者对该问题的关注,并为后续研究奠定基础。Professional obsolescence which is widespread in current society characterized by accelerating technological progress and increasingly changing social environment, has been seen as a threat to individual career development and organizational survival and competition. Related research abroad has been preceded over half a century and has obtained many achievements, but there are still many issues worth exploring, while domestic research has paid little attention to this topic. In order to arouse attention from domestic scholars and build the foundation of follow-up research, this paper reviews extant professional obsolescence research systematically. First, the development history of professional obsolescence research is retrospected. The concept of obsolescence, which means outdating of something or the way to do something, was put forward by Tugwell（1931）, and knowledge and skill obsolescence of professionals was extensively noted in America after the Second World War during which the renewal of knowledge and skills began to accelerate. Researchers in early times were mainly engaged in discovering influencing factors and occurrence mechanisms of professional obsolescence, while after entering the 21 st century researchers focus more on its outcomes and coping strategies. Now professional obsolescence has been widely concerned by researchers from countries more than America, such as the UK, Singapore and India, and is attracting more attention. Then, the research status is summarized from five aspects including concept, antecedents, occurrence mechanisms, outcomes and coping strategies. In terms of concept, professional obsolescence was defined in two different modes in early stage, namely reduction view and deficiency view. The former places emphasis on that individual knowledge and skills become less effective to satisfy job demand, while the latter focuses on the deficiency of the effectiveness of employee knowledge and skills compared with other objects. Although later researches mostly adopt the first d

关 键 词：专业人员过时 影响因素 发生机理 结果变量 应对策略 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]