试析广东十三行的企业制度特征  

An Analysis on the Entrepreneurial System of the Thirteen Hongs in Guangdong

作　　者：张忠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院经济研究所,研究员上海200020

出　　处：《海交史研究》2017年第2期99-113,共15页Journal of Maritime History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"中国近代企业制度的生成与演变研究"(项目批准号:14ZDB046)中间成果

摘　　要：广东十三行并不是市场经济、自由贸易体制下,由民间资本、民间贸易自发产生的自主企业组织;而是在清前期特定的社会经济条件下,以实现清王朝管制中国与西方商人之间的对外贸易为目的,由清廷及其地方衙门主导、实施的一种特殊的企业制度。在此制度中,传统的家族势力虽然发挥极大的作用,但对于整个广州商界以及朝廷和官府来说,十三行却不仅仅只是意味着一个商人、一个商号,而是一个商业团体、一个商业家族。因此,从企业产权、企业治理结构以及企业剩余分配方面,对企业制度特征进行进一步的考察,也是广东十三行研究的重要内容。The system of the Thirteen Hongs of Guangdong was not an independ-ent business organization developed from non - governmental capital and trade under market economy and free trade system. It was a special entrepreneurial system domina-ted by the Qing Court and the local government that managed the trade between China and western countries. Although traditional family business played a great part in such a system, the Thirteen Hongs was a trade group or business family for the business sector and the government of Guangdong, rather than merely representing a merchant or a firm. This article provides an intensive study of the entrepreneurial system by analyzing property right, management structure and residual dividend, which is an important part of the research on the Thirteen Hongs of Guangdong.

关 键 词：十三行 企业产权 企业治理结构 企业剩余分配 

分 类 号：F279.29[经济管理—企业管理] K249[经济管理—国民经济]