平衡水分方程精准指导稻谷实仓调质通风试验的原理  

A Principle for Accurately Increasing Grain Moisture with Mechanical Aeration in A Houseware Guided by An Equilibrium Moisture Equation of CAE

作　　者：李兴军[1] 殷树德 吴晓明 

机构地区：[1]国家粮食局科学研究院,北京100037 [2]天津市明伦电子技术有限公司,天津300384 [3]重庆市垫江县国家粮食储备库,重庆垫江408300

出　　处：《粮食加工》2017年第6期25-29,共5页Grain Processing

基　　金：粮食公益性行业科技专项:粮食水分吸附/解吸扩散规律及热物性参数测定研究(201313001-03-01)

摘　　要：为了避免稻谷调质通风中籽粒增湿过快而发生爆腰,本研究将粮情检测与智能通风控制系统相结合,采用稻谷水分吸附等温线、含水率增加梯度为1%的调质方法,实时检测粮堆温度和大气温湿度,通过粮堆温湿度和平衡水分方程CAE确定"通风窗口",大气状态点位于窗口内,即大气与粮堆状态比较,达到充分条件时开启风机,否则关闭风机。在亚热带的垫江县储备库采用负压吸出方式将水汽带入粮堆,大多情况下每日风机运转10~12 h,静止平衡水分时间12~14 h,1 034.5 t稻谷含水率增加0.6%,单位能耗为0.336 k W·h/(1%水分·t粮食),碎米率降低了2%~3%。An intellectualized grain bulk detection, aeration window controlling, and adosrption CAE equilibri-um moisture equation of paddy were used to instruct aeration with aim to increase grain moisture and preventing from cracking. The ventilation window region for increasing grain moisture was constructed according to the prin-ciple of controlling aeration by two conditions,（1） the average grain temp.（t1）is higher than the dew temp（t2） of atmosphere, ℃ when the system will be switched on, and ℃ when it is running;（2） the equilibrium absolute humidity（b1）of grain moisture plus 1% is lower than the absolute humidity（b2）of atmosphere. The ventilator turned on when the air status point within the window region, turned off when outside. During Oct 8 th to Nov 1 st, 2013,the system was used for a paddy depot of 1 034.5 t in Dianjiang State Grain Reserve Depot in Chongqing, China.The humid air was introduced into paddy bulk by negative pressure suction aeration during the 10~12 h period of night time and was equilibrated with grain kernels during the 12~14 h period of day time. The aeration increased grain moisture of 0.6% within the 209 k W·h of power consumption with two 1.5 k W-power axial flow fans. The unit energy consumption was 0.336 k W·h t-1·1% moisture-1. The percent of broken kernels was decreased 2%~3%.

关 键 词：稻谷 平衡水分方程 CAE 机械通风 调质 通风窗口区域 

分 类 号：TS210[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]