头部参数对高速列车明线交会气动性能的影响  

Effects of shape parameters on aerodynamic performance of high speed trains passing each other in open air

作　　者：杜健 杜俊涛[1,2] 田爱琴 田洪雷 刘堂红 

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第11期3133-3141,共9页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA112001);中车青岛四方项目(SF/JS-马字-2015-516)~~

摘　　要：采用三维、可压N-S方程、k-?双方程湍流模型和滑移网格技术,对不同的流线型长度、头部型线列车明线交会压力波及气动力的关系进行计算分析。研究结果表明:交会压力波头波幅值数值计算结果与实车试验结果较吻合,两者相对误差为4.9%;当列车流线型长度从8 m增大至12 m时,交会压力波、侧向力、侧滚力矩幅值分别减小27.0%,39.2%和36.2%;头部主型线中,水平剖面型线对交会气动性能的影响最大,当水平剖面型线斜率由0.076增大到0.184时,交会压力波、侧向力、侧滚力矩幅值分别增大12.1%,7.3%和8.5%;纵剖面型线对列车交会气动性能的影响较小,当斜率从0.505增大到0.713时,交会压力波、侧向力和侧滚力矩幅值分别增大1.90%,0.65%和0.89%;当横截面型线斜率从0.194增大到0.235时,交会压力波、侧向力和侧滚力矩幅值分别增大4.1%,3.1%和4.0%。Pressure wave and aerodynamic forces induced by two trains with different streamlined lengths and sectionlines passing each other in open air were investigated using the three-dimensional, compressible N-S equations, ？ ？ kturbulence model and slip grid method. The results show that the peak-to-peak value of head wave from the presentnumerical method is in good agreement with that of the full-scale experiment, and the relative error is 4.9%. Thepeak-to-peak values of pressure waves, lateral forces and rolling moments are reduced by 27.0%, 39.2% and 36.2%,respectively, as the streamlined length increases from 8 m to 12 m. For the main profiles of the train head, the horizontalsection profile contributes most to the aerodynamic performance when two trains passes. When the slope of horizontalsection profile increases from 0.076 to 0.184, the peak-to-peak values of pressure wave, lateral forces, rolling momentsare severally increased by 12.1%, 7.3% and 8.5%,respectively. The influence of longitudinal profile on the trainaerodynamic performance is relatively small. As the slope of longitudinal profile increases from 0.505 to 0.713, thesepeak？to？peak values are increased by 1.90%, 0.65% and 0.89%, respectively. When the slope of cross section profileincreases from 0.194 to 0.235, these peak-to-peak values are increased by 4.1%, 3.1% and 4.0%, respectively.

关 键 词：高速列车 头部参数 明线交会 气动性能 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]