知性美与“新诗现代化”——论穆旦与“九叶”诗人的诗美追求与实践  

Intellectual Beauty and the Modernization of New Poetry——On the Pursuit and Practice of the Poetic Beauty of Mu Dan and “Jiuye” Poets

作　　者：程国君[1] 钟海林[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119 [2]延安大学文学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第6期85-99,共15页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部规划项目(09XJA751004)

摘　　要：学术史上,"九叶"的诗美追求一直没有被充分肯定。其实,"九叶"诗派的"新诗现代化"主张就是他们的新诗诗美追求主张。这种诗美追求体现在3个方面:(1)对"客观对应物""新诗戏剧化""现实·象征·玄学"基础上的"综合"性的追求;(2)对隐喻、通感、"矛盾修辞格"和反讽等现代诗语言的新的修辞性追求;(3)对诗文字组合的特殊的语言张力美的追求。"九叶"的这种诗美追求的美学和逻辑依据在于:他们诗歌里的矛盾修辞格、隐喻、反讽等感性的、修辞性语言的大量增加,缘于其"新的感性"的寻求和直觉把握的美学追求;他们诗歌的沉思性、议论性语言的大量增加因其诗歌创作中知性美寻求;因为对于诗的表现媒介——诗歌中新奇的文字组合与陌生化语言的重视,他们诗歌的语言及其形式就具有了特殊的张力美。"九叶"尽管有过度沉溺于繁复意象,有将新诗重新引向少数的精英化的滥用隐喻之嫌,但其诗美探索与创造的贡献却是不能抹杀的。1980年代初的朦胧诗派就是在此审美追求基础上发展起来的。＂Jiuye＂Poets＇ pursuit of ＂poetic beauty＂has not been fully affirmed in academic history. In fact,＂Jiuye＂Poets＇ view of ＂modernization of new poetry＂is their pursuit of poetic beauty. It is reflected in three aspects： firstly,the ＂comprehensive＂pursuit on the basis of its＂objective counterpart＂,＂dramatization of new poetry＂,and ＂reality,symbol and metaphysic＂; Secondly is new rhetoric pursuit of modern poetry language,including metaphor,synaesthesia,＂oxymoron＂and irony; Thirdly is pursuit of special language tension about the combination of words and words in poem text. Pursuit of the poetic beauty for ＂Jiuye＂Poets does not lack a basis of aesthetics and logic. The perceptual and rhetoric languages like contradictory rhetoric,metaphor,and irony dramatically increase due to their seeking ＂new sensibility＂and aesthetically pursuing intuition in their poems. The thoughtful and argumentative languages substantially increase because of their seeking the intellectual beauty in their poetry. Owing to attaching importance to the new words and defamiliarized language in poetry,their language and form of poetry has a special beauty of tension. Despite the ＂Jiuye＂Poets,over-indulging in complex images and abusing metaphor,could lead new poetry to a small elite,their contribution in exploring and creating poetic beauty can＇t be denied,and the misty poetry developed based on its aesthetic pursuit at the beginning of the 1980 s.

关 键 词：穆旦 “九叶”诗人 知性美 新诗现代化 文学隐喻 反讽 

分 类 号：I207.25[文学—中国文学]