美国学区制及其对我国的启示  

American School District and Its Enlightenment on China

作　　者：吴晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学,上海200062

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2017年第11期113-118,共6页Modern Education Management

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"城镇化背景下我国义务教育综合治理研究"(14AGL017)

摘　　要：学区是美国重要的基层教育管理机构。美国学区由殖民时期社区的教育场所发展而来,至今仍是美国教育管理体系的重要组成部分。高度的自主权、议事的民主性、社区的广泛参与、学区资源的共享、完善的评价体系是其特点。虽然中美两国语境下的学区概念有所不同,但我国可以借鉴美国相关经验,在学区化办学中提高学区管理自主权、发挥学区管理的民主性、注重学区内部教育资源的均衡配置、建立针对学区的评价体系。School district is the important local educational management institution in America,which derives from educational place of community in North American colonial period and still play a vital role in American educational management system. School district is characterized by high degree of autonomy,democracy of operation management,wide participation of communities,sharing of resources,and completeness of evaluation system. Although the concept of school district between China and the United States is different,we can learn from American relative experiences to improve district oriented school running. We should improve autonomy of school district management,promote democracy,focus on balanced allocation of school district internal educational resources,and establish evaluation system targeted against school district.

关 键 词：美国 学区制 自主权 民主性 资源共享 

分 类 号：G719.21[文化科学—职业技术教育学]