日本社区学校的形成、特征与问题  

The Advent,Features and Problems of Community Schools in Japan

作　　者：李昱辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2017年第11期28-42,共15页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目"日本校长专业标准研究"(项目编号:教外司留[2015]1098号)

摘　　要：随着公共教育和地区社会问题的不断加深,日本公立学校管理体制亟待变革。在首相和内阁咨询机构的大力倡导下,文部科学省逐步妥协、调整政策并指导地方教委设立社区学校。十多年来,社区学校不仅在数量上剧增,更在增强校内改革意识、促进全方位学校参与的同时,展现出支持地区建设和引领公立学校整体变革的成效。如何克服行政驱动、取舍市场原理、确保委员水准、缓和人事矛盾,则是社区学校在今后发展中必须解决的现实问题。This century witnessed the growing problem of public education and region- al social issues, which, act together, pushed community schools to the forefront of school management system reform. The Ministry of Education gradually gave in and adjusted its policy to instruct local education committee to build community schools based on the sug- gestions put forward by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The number of community schools increased dramatically during the last decade. The schools not only achieved great- er autonomy and provide enriched ways to participate, but, more importantly, also inspired overall reform of public schools and support local construction. However, numerous practi- cal problems remained to be addressed in the future; that is to say, community schools should overcome the strong executive-led management, reasonably choose market princi- ples, improve committee members＇ ability and eliminate the root of personnel conflicts.

关 键 词：日本 社区学校 地区共生 学校管理体制 

分 类 号：G459[文化科学—教育学]