单侧钢轨波磨对两侧轮轨瞬态响应的影响分析  

Analyses of Transient Wheel-Rail Interactions Excited by Unilateral Rail Corrugation

作　　者：刘超[1] 赵鑫[1] 赵小罡 寇峻瑜 温泽峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第22期117-124,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51305361;51675444);教育部博士点基金(20130184110005);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2015TPL_T09)资助项目

摘　　要：基于我国某地铁钢轨波磨的调研,采用显式有限元法建立了考虑车轮、车轴和钢轨连续体振动以及车辆、轨道高频结构振动的全轮对三维瞬态轮轨滚动接触模型,在时域内数值再现了轮对通过单侧钢轨波磨轨道段时的滚动接触行为,系统分析了单侧钢轨波磨对两侧轮轨瞬态响应的影响。相比于作者之前开发的半轮对滚动接触模型,该模型可将轮轨横向蠕滑和大自旋考虑在内。结果表明:地铁运行速度越高,波磨侧的不均匀磨损现象越严重;计算的五个速度中,波磨造成的瞬态激励在30和120 km/h时更易传递至无波磨侧,进而促进无波磨侧钢轨萌生波磨;轮对越是向波磨侧横移,波磨侧不均匀磨损越严重,但无波磨侧不均匀磨损逐渐降低,即相较于直线段,横移更大的曲线段上的外侧钢轨波磨更不易引发另一侧钢轨的波磨。A 3-D transient wheelset-rail rolling contact model has been developed using the explicit finite element method, with which the continuum vibrations of the wheel, axle and rail are considered together with the structural vibrations of the vehicle-track system. Such a model, which numerically reproduces the rolling behavior of a whole wheelset on a track in the time domain, is employed in this work to analyze the transient wheel-rail interactions in the presence of a rail corrugation. Compared to the previous half-wheelset model, the lateral creepage and spin of the wheelset are taken into account in the present model. The corrugation is only applied on one rail, i.e. unilateral corrugation is simulated, as observed on a Chinese metro line. It is found that a higher speed would lead to more severe uneven wear on the corrugated rail; at 30 and 120 km/h, the vibrations excited by the corrugated rail are transmitted more efficiently to the other, stimulating the occurrence of corrugation there; the larger the lateral shift of wheelset is, the more severe the uneven wear on the corrugated rail is, while the uneven wear on the smooth rail changes reversely, i.e. the unilateral corrugation on a curve, corresponding to a larger lateral shift than that on a tangent track, less possibly stimulate the occurrence of corrugation on the smooth rail.

关 键 词：钢轨波磨 单侧波磨 瞬态轮轨滚动接触 不均匀磨损 显式有限元法 

分 类 号：U211[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]