施硒对花生幼苗硒、镉吸收及光合效应的影响  

Effects of selenium application on cadmium and selenium absorption and photosynthetic efficiency in peanut

作　　者：卞威乐斯 田侠[1] 丁效东[1] 王凯荣[1] 张磊[1] BIAN Weilesi;TIAN Xia;DING Xiaodong;WANG Kairong;ZHANG Lei(College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266100, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,青岛266100

出　　处：《环境化学》2017年第11期2349-2356,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41101094;41101472)资助~~

摘　　要：选用不同富硒(selenium,Se)特性的两个花生品种,采用水培实验,研究了不同Se、镉(cadmium,Cd)浓度下花生的Se、Cd吸收积累、生长发育及光合特征.结果表明,两个品种花生在Cd0.5处理组施加0.6 mg·L^(-1)Se地上部分生物量出现最大值,而在Cd5处理组施加0.2 mg·L^(-1)Se出现最大值.除CK处理外,富Se品种皖花4号地上部分与根系Se含量分别约为非富Se品种丰花4号的2倍和3倍.花生植株Cd含量随着Se浓度的增加呈现下降的趋势,且在低Cd条件下施Se效果最显著.在Se浓度为0.60 mg·L^(-1)时,皖花4号地上部分及根系Cd含量分别下降了26.84%、14.40%,丰花4号则降低了31.63%、10.41%.两个花生品种相比,富Se品种皖花4号Cd的转运系数低于丰花4号,说明花生大量吸收Se能在一定程度上降低Cd向地上部分转运.Cd胁迫抑制了花生的光合过程,表现为最大光化学效率和光合速率降低,施Se后各指标均有所升高.据研究结果推测,适量施Se可有效降低花生对Cd的积累,促进花生生长,而采用富Se品种则效果更佳.In this study two different selenium（ Se）-enriched peanut were grown hydroponically to investigate the effects of cadmium（ Cd） and selenium accumulation,growth and development and photosynthetic characteristics with different concentrations of Cd and Se. The results showed that the shoot biomass of the two peanut varieties was largest when 0. 6 mg·L^-1 Se was applied in Cd0.5 mg·L^-1 treatment and 0.2 mg·L^-1 Se was applied in Cd 5 mg·L^-1treatment. Se content in shoot and roots of Wanhua 4（ a Se-enriched cultivar） was 2 and 3 times higher than that in Fenghua 4（ a general cultivar） except for the CK treatment. With the increase of Se level,the Cd contents in the peanut decreased,especially in the treatment of lower Cd concentration. In the treatment of Se0.60 mg·L^-1,the Cd content in shoot and root decreased by 26.84% and 14.40% for Wanhua 4,and 31.63% and 10. 41% for Fenghua 4,respectively. In comparison with Fenghua 4,Wanhua 4 had a lower translocation factor,which indicated that more Se could inhibit the Cd transfer from root to shoot. Cd stress inhibited the photosynthesis of peanuts. The maximal photochemical efficiency and net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly. However,photosynthetic parameter was elevated by Se application. The present results implicate that suitable Se application could reduce effectively the Cd accumulation and promote growth of peanut. The better effect can be acquired when Se-enriched cultivars are used.

关 键 词：花生 SE Cd积累 光合作用 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53