20世纪90年代以来印度高等教育外部治理变革  

Indian Higher Education External Governance Reform Since the 1990s

作　　者：刘淑华[1] 彭婵娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2017年第11期94-100,共7页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BGL171)

摘　　要：20世纪90年代以来,印度高等教育领域发生了走向"善治"的变革,政府与高校之间的单向驱动关系,正在被政府、市场、社会与高校之间更加错综复杂的多向互动关系所取代。政府通过政策制定、绩效拨款和质量保障等方式实现职能的转变,逐渐从微观管理转移到宏观调控上来;政府体制内部实现了垂直分权,中央政府与邦政府在高等教育领域的权责有了进一步划分,邦政府在高等教育治理中的角色和地位有所加强;市场力量已经渗透到供需关系调节、院校结构调整、院校资源配置中;社会参与扩大,非政府组织发挥着重要作用,高校与企业的合作也得到加强;大学获得了一定的自主权,少量学院摆脱了对大学的依附地位,同时政府对所有高校的问责正在加强。Since the 1990s, Indian higher education has been experiencing a reform to- ward good governance. The previous one-way relationship between the government and the higher education institutions is being replaced by a more complex, interactive multiway relationship between the central government, the state government, the market, the society and higher education institutions. The government has transformed its function from ＂micromanagement＂ to ＂macro-regulation＂ through policy formulation, performance-based funding and quality assurance mechanism. Because of decentralization, the power and status of the state government is strengthened. The market has expanded its influence in regulating the balance of supply and demand, adjusting institutional structure and allocating resource. The society has also entered the governance structure, with NGOs playing an important role in decision-making and supervision. The cooperation between universities and industries has been strengthened. Universities have obtained some autonomy, while a few colleges have got rid of dependency on universities. However, the accountability system from the government has been reinforced.

关 键 词：印度高等教育 高等教育治理 善治 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]