饲粮碘含量对牦牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响  

Effects of Dietary Iodide Content on Rumen Fermentation of Yaks in Vitro

作　　者：范小红[1,2,3] 薛艳锋 郝力壮[1,2,3] 刘书杰 柴沙驼[1,2,3] 牛建章 张晓卫[1,2,3] 王迅 FAN Xiaohong;XUE Yanfeng;HAO Lizhuang;LIU Shujie;CHAI Shatuo;NIU Jianzhang;ZHANG Xiaowei;WANG Xun(State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China;Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Xining 810016, China;Academy of Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海高原牦牛研究中心,西宁810016 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2017年第12期4613-4620,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660673);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0500504-4);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2015DFG31870);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目)(2012CB722906);青海省重大科技平台建设项目(2013-Z-Y03)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮碘含量对牦牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响。以碘化钾作为添加形式,以牦牛饲粮为底物进行体外发酵,底物碘含量分别为0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9 mg/kg,共发酵48 h。发酵结束测定总产气量、瘤胃发酵特性指标及消化酶活力。结果表明:当底物碘含量为0.3 mg/kg时,发酵液微生物蛋白质(M CP)、乙酸(C2)、丙酸(C3)、丁酸(C4)、异戊酸(i-C5)、戊酸(C5)、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度以及淀粉酶(AMS)、脂肪酶(LPS)、胰蛋白酶(TYS)活力均达到最大值,分别为3.694 g/L、56.286 mmol/L、28.906 mmol/L、9.507 mmol/L、1.552 mmol/L、0.919 mmol/L、97.769 mmol/L、1.567 U/mL、0.453 U/mL、60.787 U/mL;当碘含量为0.5 mg/kg时,干物质消化率(DMD)达到最大值,为69.39%,显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);在碘含量为0.7 mg/kg时,发酵液纤维素酶(CLS)活力达到最大值,为79.956 U/mL,发酵液乙酸/丙酸最低,为1.636。综合各项指标得出,在体外条件下,在底物碘含量为0.3~0.7 mg/kg时,牦牛体外瘤胃发酵处较高水平。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary iodide content on rumen fermentation of yaks in vitro. Potassium iodide was used as additive and diet for yaks was used as a substrate for in vitro ru- men fermentation. Iodine content in substrate was designed as 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 mg/kg, respectively. The fermentation lasted for 48 h. Gas production, rumen fermentation characteristic parameters and digestive enzyme activities were measured after fermentation. The results showed as follows： when the content of iodine in substrate was 0.3 mg/kg, the concentrations of microbial protein （MCP）, acetic acid （C2）, propionic acid （C3） , butyric acid （C4） , isovaleric acid （i-C5） , valeric acid （C5） and total volatile fatty acid （TVFA） , as well as the activities of amylase （ AMS ）, lipase （ LPS ） and trypsin （TYS） in fermentation fluid reached the highest, which were 3. 694 g/L, 56. 286 mmol/L, 28. 906 mmol/L, 9. 507 mmol/L, 1. 552 mmol/L, 0.919 mmol/L, 97.769 mmol/L, 1.567 U/mL, 0.453 U/mL, 60.787 U/mL, respectively; when the con- tent of iodine in substrate was 0.5 mg/kg, dry matter digestibility （DMD） reached the highest, as 69.39%, which was significantly higher than other treatments （P〈0.05） ; when the content of iodine in substrate was 0.7 mg/kg, cellulose （CLS） activity in fermentation fluid reached the highest, which was 79.956 U/mL, and C2/C3 in fermentation fluid reached the lowest, which was 1.636. Based on the various indexes, under in vitro conditions, when the content of iodine in substrate was 0.3 to 0.7 mg/kg, in vitro ruminal fermentation of yaks is at high level.

关 键 词：牦牛 碘化钾 体外产气技术 挥发性脂肪酸 消化酶活力 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]