机械臂遥操作任务中操作者的情境意识分析  

Analysis of Operators' Situation Awareness towards Manipulator Teleoperation

作　　者：薛书骐 田志强[1] 王春慧[1] 蒋婷[1] 王丽[1] 姜国华[1] Xue Shuqi;Tian Zhiqiang;Wang Chunhui;Jiang Ting;Wang li;Jiang Guohua.

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2017年第6期431-437,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：中国航天医学工程预先研究课题(2012SY54A1705);装备预研基金(9140C770202150C77317)

摘　　要：目的面向各类机械臂遥操作任务,测量并分析操作中人的情境意识(situation awareness,SA),以指导未来机械臂遥操作系统的界面设计和人员训练评价。方法在6自由度机械臂仿真操作平台上,根据有无数值信息和3种不同数量摄像机图像设置,设计两因素的2×3实验,用冻结法采集操作者SA水平、眼动数据、绩效数据。结果在提供数值辅助信息和4摄像机图像界面的组合下,操作者情境意识水平最优;通过分析SA水平与绩效数据的相关性,表明对相关情境要素的正确认知能够保证更优秀的操作绩效。结论可从提高操作者SA水平的角度来指导机械臂遥操作任务的界面设计和人员训练。Objective The operators＇ situation awareness（SA） levels towards various manipulator teleoperation tasks were measured and analyzed so as to offer guidance for human-computer interface design and crew training in manipulator teleoperation systems. Methods A 6-DOF simulated manipulator system was used to carried out the two factors 2 × 3 experiments according to with or without numerical information and 3 different layout settings of the camera images. The SA level was tested with SAGAT（situation awareness global assessment technique） and the eye movement data and performance data were collected accordingly. Results The results showed that with numerical information and the layout setting of 4 cameras,the operators＇ SA reached the optimal level. The correlation analysis of SA and performance showed that a better understanding of SA elements could predict a better operation performance. Conclusion It is effective to enhance the HCI design and the operator training in manipulator systems by improving the operators＇ SA level.

关 键 词：遥操作 机械臂 情境意识 工效学 

分 类 号：R857.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]