亚里士多德论心理活动的生成机制及其当代意蕴  

A Study on the Formation Mechanism and Contemporary Implications of Aristotle's Mental Activity Theory

作　　者：曹青云[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学哲学系,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第1期20-30,共11页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"亚里士多德心灵哲学研究"(17CZX042);项目负责人:曹青云

摘　　要：心理活动,例如知觉、想象、思考是如何产生的,在很大程度上取决于我们对"心理活动是什么"的理解。在这个问题上,亚里士多德认为心理活动既不是单纯地由外在的物理对象引起的生物体的生理运动,也不是单纯地由灵魂实体引起的精神活动,而是由内在的灵魂作为原初的动力因和由外在的物理对象作为辅助的动力因协同作用而引起的生物体的运动。本文通过分析亚里士多德的运动的四种解释模型以及灵魂作为不动的动者对身体的作用,进而指出心理活动的原因机制不是物理线性的,而是外在的物理原因和内在的灵魂原因协同作用的双层结构。而这个双层结构为我们解决当代心灵哲学的"心理因果性"问题提供了积极的启示。How a mental activity,such as perception,imagination and thinking,is produced largely depends on our understanding of what the mental activity is.This is crucial for both physicalists and dualists in philosophy of mind,and it can be traced back to Aristotle,whose answer differs from them.Aristotle thinks that a mental activity is neither caused simply by physical objects,nor caused solely by mental entities.It is caused by both the external physical objects and the internal soul.The occurrence of any mental activity involves the causation of both the mental and the physical.And the former is the primary efficient cause and the latter is the instrumental efficient cause.The causal mechanism of mental activity,according to Aristotle,is not linear but a twofold structure.And such a structure might solve the intractable difficulty of mental causation which physicalism and dualism confronts.

关 键 词：亚里士多德 灵魂 心理因果性 运动 

分 类 号：B502.233[哲学宗教—外国哲学]