车辆与吊挂设备耦合作用垂向系统振动传递及平稳性研究  

Study on vertical vibration transmission and ride performance with the coupling effect between vehicle and suspended devices

作　　者：徐宁[1] 任尊松[1] 李响[1] 查浩 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2017年第6期965-975,共11页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575036)

摘　　要：基于车辆-无砟轨道耦合系统垂向动力学模型,建立了由轨道不平顺到车体、转向架和各吊挂设备的振动加速度传递函数以及运行平稳性的传递函数,分析了吊挂设备与车体、转向架等主体部件间采用刚性与弹性两种吊挂方式下,车辆系统部件振动传递特性的差异。讨论了部件间连接刚度变化对各部件加速度传递特性以及车辆运行平稳性传递函数的影响,并通过对比给出了主体部件与吊挂设备间连接刚度的合理取值,研究了吊挂跨距的改变以及吊挂位置的偏置对于平稳性及部件加速度传递函数的影响。在考虑车体弯曲弹性振动下,分析了车体的抗弯刚度和结构阻尼比对平稳性传递函数的影响。结果表明:弹性吊挂能够优化车体和构架等主体部件的中、低频传递特性,吊挂跨距的增大使构架及车体吊挂位置处的传递函数增大;随速度的增加,前、后部平稳性指数的差异有所加大,车体抗弯刚度和结构阻尼比在常规范围内选取时,平稳性指数的变化并不十分显著。Based on the vehicle-ballastless track coupling system vertical dynamic model, both the acceleration transfer function from the track irregularities to the car body？ bogie and accessory parts and the amplitude frequency transfer function of the ve-hicle ride performance are established. With rigid fixed connection and flexible connection between the body parts and suspen-ded devices, the differences of the transfer characteristics of vehicle system are analyzed. The influence of the connection stiff-ness on the acceleration transfer characteristics and ride performance transfer function is discussed. The reasonable connection stiffness value between body parts and suspended mass is obtained after comparison. The effects on the acceleration transfer function of vehicle components and the ride performance transfer function are studied due to the changes of the span between suspended devices and the offset of the suspended position. The impact on the ride performance transfer function is discussed with the changes of bending stiffness and structural damping ratio of the carbody considering the carbody bending flexible vibra-tion. The results show that the elastic connection form can optimize the medium and low frequency transmission characteristics of the carbody and bogie and the increase of span between the suspended devices increases the transfer function value at the suspended position of the bogie and carbody. With the increase of speed, the difference of the ride performance between the front and the rear of carbody increases. The variations of carbody bending stiffness and structural damping ratio in a normal range have no obvious influence on the ride performance.

关 键 词：车辆-轨道耦合系统 振动传递 连接刚度 运行平稳性 吊挂位置偏置 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程] O327[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]