中国企业员工工作疏离感内涵结构及对正反工作行为影响机理的实证研究  

An Empirical Research of the Dimensional Structure of Work Alienation and Its Impact on OCB and WDB of Employees in Chinese Enterprises

作　　者：黄丽 陈维政 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]加拿大约克大学亚洲研究中心

出　　处：《南大商学评论》2016年第4期141-169,共29页Nanjing Business Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金:企业员工工作疏离感影响因素、形成机制及其干预策略实证研究(71272210);基于三维支持系统感知的农民工疏离感社会效应与干预模式研究(71663060);教育部人文社会科学研究项目:基于跨层次分析的人际取向模式对下属工作绩效影响的实证研究(15YJC630039)的资助

摘　　要：工作疏离感正成为企业日益普遍的现象，同时也是西方学术界关注的热点。然而与西方相比，我国理论界对工作疏离感的研究相对较少，尤其缺乏对中国情境下企业员工工作疏离感的内涵结构及其影响作用的实证研究。因此，本研究在对国内外工作疏离感相关文献进行分析的基础上，通过质化研究和量化研究相结合的实证方法，探讨中国情景下企业员工的工作疏离感内涵结构及其对员工正面和负面工作行为的影响机理。本研究总计收集了全国8个城市1372名员工和管理者配对的调查问卷，统计分析结果表明：中国企业员工的工作疏离感与西方企业员工的工作疏离感在维度结构上存在明显差异，主要由工作任务疏离感、工作人际疏离感和工作环境疏离感三个维度构成，凸现中国企业工作情景的特殊性。同时，本研究结果表明员工的工作疏离感对其正反两方面的工作行为都有较强影响作用：工作疏离感显著地负向影响组织公民行为，显著地正向影响工作偏离行为。对此，本研究针对企业如何控制工作疏离感，促进员工的积极行为，减少其偏离行为，提供了具体的管理建议。Work alienation is becoming increasingly common phenomenon in enterprises, and has become the focus of Western academia. However, the researches of work alienation in China are even much fewer compared to Western countries. The empirical research of the structure work alienation and its impact on the positive and negative behaviors of Chinese employees is penurious. Therefore, this research has reviewed recent studies about work alienation, and proposed a structural model through qualitative and quantitative studies. 1372 valid survey questionnaires were collected from Chongqing, Chengdu, Shenzhen and Guangzhou and the dimensional construct of work alienation was analyzed. The statistical analysis show that work alienation of Chinese employees is a multi- dimension construct which included job alienation, interpersonal alienation and environment alienation. It is quite different from the results of Western researches of which work alienation is mainly related to job task. Additionally, this study has also analyzed the impact of work alienation on employees＇ organizational citizenship behavior （OCB） and workplace deviate behavior （WDB）, the results show that work alienation has a negative impact on OCB and a positive impact on WDB. Finally, the paper proposed specific management recommendations for companies on how to control work alienation, promote positive behaviors and reduce deviant behaviors of employees.

关 键 词：工作疏离感 结构维度 组织公民行为 工作偏离行为 企业员工 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]