不同植茶年限茶园土壤有效营养元素分析  

The Effect of Soil Effective Nutrient Elements with Different Tea Plantation Ages

作　　者：张小琴 赵华富[1,2] 姜艳艳 杨婷 周国兰 周顺珍[1,2] 王家伦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]国家茶叶产业技术体系遵义综合试验站,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2017年第12期2226-2231,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：农业部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-23);贵州省农业科学院院专项(科院院专项[2014]019);贵州省星火计划项目(黔科合成转字[2015]5308-1;5313号);贵阳市与省农科院农业科技合作项目(地农科合字[2014]8号);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2570);贵州省农业动植物育种项目(黔农育专字[2016]003号)

摘　　要：为了解不同植茶年限下土壤有效营养元素的变化情况,以凤冈县不同种植年限的茶园土壤为研究对象,采集0~20 cm和20~40 cm两层土壤样品,分析土壤基本理化特性、土壤有效态大量营养元素和土壤有效态微量营养元素的变化情况。结果表明,植茶使茶园土壤呈酸化趋势,且逐渐低于优质高产高效茶园土壤p H的最低标准;土壤有机质、全氮随植茶年限的增加而极显著增加,且逐渐达到并超过优质高产高效茶园土壤的最低标准;土壤有效磷有先增后减的趋势,但仍远低于优质高产高效茶园土壤有效磷的最低标准;土壤交换钾随植茶年限的增加而极显著增加,但仍处于贫乏状态;土壤有效硫、有效硼、有效锌和有效铁随植茶年限的增加极显著增加;土壤有效镁、有效铜和有效锰随植茶年限的变化不显著。随着植茶年限的增加,应该采取必要的措施防止土壤酸化,合理控施氮肥,增施磷、钾肥。Two layers of soil samples under continuous tea cropping in Fenggang, 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm, were used to analyze the soil physicochemical properties, soil available macro and micro nutrient elements. Results showed that the soil was acidified after tea plantation. The soil organic matter and total nitrogen greatly increased as tea plantation prolonged, and gradually reached and exceeded the minimum standard of tea soils with high yield and good quality. The soil effective phosphorus increased after decreased first, but it was still well below the minimum standard of tea soils with high yield and good quality. The soil exchange potassium increased significantly as tea plantation prolonged, but was still in poor condition. The soil effective sulfur, effective boron, effective zinc and effective iron increased significantly as tea plantation prolonged. The change for effective magnesium, effective copper and effective manganese was not significant. It means necessary measures should be taken to prevent the acidification of the soil, to control nitrogen fertilizer application, and to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application.

关 键 词：植茶年限 土壤营养元素 PH 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S153.6[农业科学—作物学]