教学视频中交互控制促进有意义学习的实验研究  

An Experimental Research on Interactive Control in Teaching Videos to Promote Meaningful Learning

作　　者：王雪[1] 周围[1] 王志军[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学教育科学学院,天津300387

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2018年第1期97-105,共9页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：2017年度国家社科基金"十三五"规划教育学课题"信息化教育资源优化设计的语言工具:‘多媒体画面语言学’创新性理论与应用研究"(项目编号:BCA170079)的研究成果

摘　　要：教学视频中交互设计的目的在于激发学习者的主观能动性,引导学习者主动学习、建构知识体系,从而促进有意义学习结果的发生。为了探究陈述性知识和程序性知识教学视频中交互控制程度的合理化设计,将交互控制程度划分为无选择、选择既定顺序、完全自主选择三种类型。把招募的105名大学生随机分为三组,分别使用三种交互控制程度对两种知识类型(陈述性、程序性)的教学视频进行学习,利用眼动仪实时记录学习者的视觉认知过程,学习结束后对学习效果和学习体验进行测试。研究结果表明:在陈述性知识教学视频中,交互控制程度越高(完全自主选择>选择既定顺序>无选择),就越能吸引学习者的视觉注意力,并越有效地控制认知负荷,促进学习者积极的认知活动和有意义学习,从而获得更好的学习体验和学习效果;在程序性知识视频中,交互控制程度的作用有所不同,完全自主选择也是最优的交互控制程度,可以帮助学习者有效控制认知负荷,获得最优的视觉认知行为、学习体验和学习效果。但应避免使用选择既定顺序的交互控制程度,因为它会对程序性知识的技能转化与应用产生干扰,阻碍有意义学习结果的发生。The purpose of interaction design in teaching videos is to stimulate learners5 subjective initiative,to guide learners to take the initiative to learn and to construct the knowledge system proactively,so as to promote the occurrence of meaningful learn-ing results. In order to explore the rational design of interactive control method in declarative and procedural knowledge teaching videos,it is divided into three types： no choice,choice of the established order,and the completely independent choice. 105 college students are randomly divided into three groups using two types of knowledge （declarative,procedural） under three types of interac-tive control teaching videos to learn. The visual perception process is recorded by eye tracker in real time,and the learning effect and learning experience are tested after learning. The results show that the higher the degree of interactive control in declarative knowl-edge teaching videos （completely independent choiceH choice of established orderH no choice）,the more it can attract learners % visu-al attention,effective control of cognitive load,promote learners! cognitive activities and meaningful learning actively,so as to get a better learning experience and learning effect. The role of interactive control in procedural knowledge videos is different. The com-pletely independent choice is also the optimal interactive control mode, which can help learners to effectively control cognitive load, to obtain optimal visual cognitive behavior, learning experience and learning effect. However, it should avoid using the interactive control method of selecting the established order, which will interfere with the transformation and application of procedural knowledge skills and hinder the occurrence of meaningful learning results.

关 键 词：教学视频 交互 眼动 学习体验 学习效果 有意义学习 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]