同伴在场和自尊水平对青少年冒险行为的影响:来自ERPs的证据  

Effects of peer presence and self-esteem on adolescent risk-taking behavior: Evidence from an ERP study

作　　者：田录梅[1] 袁竞驰 李永梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250358

出　　处：《心理学报》2018年第1期47-57,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2014CM016)资助

摘　　要：采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术,探讨同伴在场与自尊水平对青少年冒险行为的影响。实验采用气球模拟风险任务(BART),比较不同条件下青少年冒险行为量的差异。结果发现:(1)同伴在场时青少年冒险行为更多,比无同伴在场诱发的N1、P3、LPP波幅更大;(2)高自尊青少年更加冒险,且诱发的P3、LPP波幅更大;(3)同伴在场与自尊的交互作用显著,仅高自尊青少年的同伴在场效应明显,诱发出更大波幅的N1、P3、LPP成分。结果提示,同伴在场时高自尊的青少年更可能参与一些非消极的冒险行为,这可能是因为他们对冒险中的奖赏信息更敏感、更兴奋、趋近动机更强。Adolescents are known to engage in more risk-taking behaviors （such as smoking, drug use, skiing, and climbing） than children and adults. Previous research has suggested that at least two factors are associated with adolescent risk-taking behavior： one is the presence of a peer, which could activate the brain＇s reward circuitry and lead to adolescents＇ more reward preference and risk-taking; the other is self-esteem, high self-esteem individuals are inclined to take part in more risky behaviors, particularly those socially acceptable risky behaviors. However, the interaction between peer presence and self-esteem on adolescent risk-taking behavior is still unclear; especially evidence from ERP studies is rare. With ERP technique, the present study explored the interaction between peer presence and self-esteem on adolescent risk-taking behavior. According to the scores on Rosenberg＇s Self-Esteem Scale, 34 participants were chosen from 216 freshmen and were divided into two groups： the 16 students with top scores were in high self-esteem group and the 18 adolescents with lowest scores were in low self-esteem group. Each group was then divided into two subgroups： one was peer presence subgroup in which each adolescent was asked to bring a sex-same peer to come to observe his or her following experiment performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task （BART）; in the other subgroup without a peer in presence, all participants completed the BART alone. All participants＇ EEGs were recorded when they were operating BART and their BART values （total number of inflating balloons / number of unexploded balloons） were also calculated as their behavioral index of risk-taking behavior. Behavioral results indicated that： 1） those adolescents with either a peer in presence or high self-esteem showed more risk-taking behaviors; 2） self-esteem moderated the effect of peer presence on adolescent risk-taking behavior： only for high self-esteem adolescents, did peer presence significantly increase thei

关 键 词：冒险行为 同伴在场 自尊 青少年 事件相关电位 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B845[哲学宗教—心理学]