苦荞主食干预对2型糖尿病伴不同程度肥胖患者体成分及血脂的影响  

Effect of Tartary Buckwheat Diet Intervention on Body Composition and Lipids Profile in Type 2 Diabetes with Obesity

作　　者：仇菊 李再贵[2] 李康 秦慧坤 邢通 岳艳芬 李珊珊[4] 杨晓童 王静[4] 浦江莉 王靖 刘燕萍[4] 

机构地区：[1]农业部食物与营养发展研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京中医医院平谷医院,北京101200 [4]中国医学科学院北京协和医院,北京100730

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2018年第1期59-63,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程;国家现代农业产业技术体系(项目编号:CARS-08-D-03)

摘　　要：目的:研究苦荞作为主食对2型糖尿病伴超重或肥胖患者的体成分、血糖及血脂的影响。方法:以109名2型糖尿病伴超重或肥胖患者为研究对象,对照组54人完成4w的营养指导和健康培训,试验组55人除接受健康培训以外,采用纯苦荞食品作为主食替代部分精制米面,完成了为期4w的主食干预。干预前后进行问卷调查、体格测量并采集空腹静脉血。测定体成分、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果:与仅接受营养指导和健康培训的患者相比,超重患者和肥胖患者食用苦荞后,膳食结构中蛋白质和膳食纤维的含量显著升高。同时,TC和LDL-C显著降低,且呈现显著的组间差异。此外,肥胖患者的腰围和腰臀比在干预后显著降低,且呈现显著的组间差异。结论:苦荞作为主食替代部分精制米面,每天食用量高于100g/d可以增加蛋白质及膳食纤维的摄入量,改善膳食结构,有效降低2型糖尿病伴肥胖患者的腰围,控制血液中胆固醇浓度。Objective To investigate the effect of tartary buckwheat intake on the body composition,glucose and lipids in type 2 diabetes patients with obesity. Method A total of 109 type 2 diabetes patients who also suffered from overweight or obesity were analyzed. During 4 week test period,control group( 54 patients) was assigned to get nutritional guide and healthy training and intervention group( 55 patients) was asked for eating tartary buckwheat( three foods made of 100% tartary buckwheat) as main staple foods to partly replace refined rice or wheat. Questionnaires,physical measurements and fasting venous blood were collected before and after intervention. Body composition,fasting blood glucose( FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin( Hb A1 c),triglyceride( TG),total cholesterol( TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C) were detected. Result Compared with the patients only obtained nutritional guide and healthy training,the patients with overweight or obesity who had tartary buckwheat increased the protein and dietary fiber content significantly( P < 0. 05). Moreover,TC and LDL-C of patients having tartary buckwheat were decreased significantly after intervention( P < 0. 05).The differences in these parameters between two groups were significant( P < 0. 05). In addition,the waist circumference and waist to hip ratio of patients with obesity were decreased significantly( P < 0. 05),and their between-group differences were also significant( P < 0. 05).Conclusion Substitution of tartary buckwheat( > 100 g/d) for refined rice or wheat could increase the protein and dietary fiber intake so as to improve the dietary structure,and thus lower cholesterols and waist circumference effectively in type 2 diabetes patients with obesity.

关 键 词：苦荞 糖尿病 肥胖 体成分 血脂 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌] R589.2[医药卫生—内科学]