基于发包方式的众包平台任务绩效影响因素研究  

Study on the Influencing Factors of Task Performance of Crowdsourcing Platform Based on Contracting Method

作　　者：宗利永[1] 李元旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海出版印刷高等专科学校文化管理系,上海200093 [2]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《管理评论》2018年第2期107-116,共10页Management Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71372115);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(16YJCZH165);上海市教委科研创新项目(15ZS093)

摘　　要：众包平台凭借专业服务的在线交易为需求方提供高性价比、多元化的解决方案。吸引更多创新者参与到众包任务接包中,这对于众包平台运营方提升任务绩效具有重要的现实意义。本研究将接包方参与数量作为衡量众包平台任务绩效的测量指标,通过在众包服务平台"一品威客"网采集实际业务数据,利用实证研究方法对影响平台任务绩效的因素进行分析。研究发现:奖金额度、任务关注人数、任务实际持续时间均对任务绩效有显著正向影响,任务难度对任务绩效有显著负向影响;发包方式对任务难度及奖金额度与任务绩效的关系起到调节作用,即在不同的发包方式下,奖金额度和任务持续时间对于最终任务绩效会产生截然不同的影响。奖金额度对任务绩效的影响在单人悬赏任务和计件任务模式中是显著的,而在招标任务中影响则不显著。研究旨在为企业众包决策的制定提供理论支撑,并且有助于了解不同服务交易机制之间的差异,有针对性地进行众包平台规则优化,提升平台运营效能。Through online trading of professional services,crowdsourcing platforms can provide cost-effective and diversified solutions for the seekers. For crowdsourcing platform operators,it is of great practical significance to attract more innovators to be the solver,thus maximizing the performance of crowdsourcing task. Using transaction data collected from a crowdsourcing platform＂Ep Weike.com＂,this study empirically examines the factors that influence the task performance which is indicated by the number of solvers. Results show that award,follow and time have significant positive effects on the task performance; difficulty has a significant negative effect on the task performance; mode moderates the relationships between difficulty,award and the task performance. That is to say,in different contracting modes,award and difficulty have distinct influences on the size of solver group. Award has a significant effect on the task performance in single-mode reward and piecework task mode,but not significant in bidding task mode. This study aims at providing theoretical support for enterprises to make decisions on the crowdsourcing,and to tell the differences between different trading mechanisms and optimize platform rules targetedly,thus improving platform operating performance.

关 键 词：众包平台 威客 接包方 任务绩效 发包方式 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]