6种清洗方法对果蔬中2种甲氧基丙烯酸酯类农药残留的去除效果  

Removal effects of six kinds of cleaning methods on strobilurin pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables

作　　者：杨霄鸿 刘慧君 穆蕊 赵楠楠 贾明宏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院食品科学与工程学院,食品质量与安全北京实验室,北京102206 [2]北京农学院,农产品有害微生物及农残安全检测与控制北京市重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2018年第4期197-201,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：北京高等学校高水平人才交叉培养“实培计划”毕业设计(科研类)

摘　　要：分别采用清水、果蔬洗涤盐溶液、奶粉溶液、比亚酶蔬菜速洗液、洗洁精浸泡和洗菜机清洗6种方法清洗吡唑嘧菌酯和嘧菌酯污染的黄瓜及草莓,Qu ECh ERS-LC-MS/MS法处理并检测黄瓜和草莓中吡唑醚菌酯及嘧菌酯的残留量。结果表明:奶粉对黄瓜和草莓上2种农药残留的整体清除效果最好,清除率为60.01%~69.91%,显著(p<0.05)高于洗洁精和清水浸泡。洗菜机对草莓上农药残留的清除率为59.55%~64.87%,高于对黄瓜上农药残留的清除率40.29%~48.40%。果蔬洗涤盐和比亚酶的农残清除效果无明显差异,清除率分别为39.91%~64.50%和39.63%~65.35%。洗洁精农残清除率为32.50%~52.02%。清水清除率最低,为22.45%~44.41%,显著低于奶粉、洗涤盐和比亚酶浸泡效果(p<0.05)。综上所述,不同清洗方法均可减少果蔬中的农药残留,其中奶粉溶液浸泡处理效果最好,清水最差。The residues of pyraclostrobin and azoxystrobin on cucumbers and strawberries were detected by Qu ECh ERS-LCMS/MS after washing polluted samples with tap water,cleaning salt for fruits and vegetables,milk powder,Biya enzyme vegetable quick lotion,detergent and washing machine. The results showed that soaking with milk powder solution was demonstrated to be more effective（reduction rates of 60.01% ~69.91%） than treating with detergent and tap water significantly（p〈 0.05）.Cleaning with machine decreased the residues of 59.55% to 64.87% on strawberries and 40.29% to 48.40% on cucumbers.There was no significant difference of declining pesticide residues on both strawberries and cucumbers.Between cleaning salt（reduction rates of 39.91% ~64.50%） and Biya enzyme（reduction rates of 39.63% ~65.35%） The reduction rates of detergent on samples were 32.50% ~ 52.02%. Among these washing methods,washing with tap water was proved to be the least effective since it only reduced the residues by 22.45% ~44.41%,which was significantly lower than that of milk powder,cleaning salt and Biya enzyme（p〈 0.05）.It was concluded that all these washing methods could eliminate pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables. Rinsing with milk powder solution was the most effective treatment and soaking with tap water was the worst one.

关 键 词：清洗 农药残留 吡唑醚菌酯 嘧菌酯 草莓 黄瓜 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]