释古越语“巿(姊)”及相关音韵现象——兼论《颜氏家训》“南染吴越”的词汇表现  

The etymon of fu(巿) in the ancient Jiangdong dialect and its phonological explanation

作　　者：郑伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国语言文学系/语言认知与演化实验室,上海

出　　处：《中国语文》2018年第2期143-149,共7页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：本文是2017年度国家社科基金重点项目“中国境内南方少数民族语言的音变特征及其数据库建设”(17AZD038)的阶段性成果.初稿曾在第二届民族语文描写与比较学术研讨会(2015年12月5-6日,上海)上宣读,承蒙孙宏开教授等与会学者赐教,写作过程中与韦远诚博士多有讨论,《中国语文》编辑部和匿名审稿人提出了诸多宝贵意见,谨此一并致谢.若仍有错漏,责任在于作者.

摘　　要：本文针对东晋郭璞《方言》注"江东、山越间呼姊声如巿"的记录,分析汉语、侗台语两方面的音韵演变,指出"巿"字实际上是古越语(早期侗台语)表"姊"义语素的标音字,此为魏晋南北朝汉语"南染吴越,北杂夷虏"(《颜氏家训·音辞》)在词汇层面上的表现之一。另外,文章比较了其他若干古江东方言词与侗台语之间的音义关系,旨在说明,要全面地诠释"南染吴越"的涵义,还需要结合非汉语的资料。In the Eastern Jin Dynasty the philologist Guo Pu's( 郭璞) annotation to Fangyan( 方言),it is written that "the pronunciation of the word that means ‘elder sister' in the language of the ancient Jiangdong and Mountain-Yue area is identical or similar to that of the character fu( 巿) in Chinese." In this paper, the author proposes that the etymon of fu( 巿) in ancient Jiangdong dialect is actually from ancient Bai-Yue language,namely Kam-Tai language at that time. This paper also argues that "Nanran Wuyue"( 南染吴越),a famous comment in Yanshi Jiaxun( 《颜氏家训》) by Yan Zhitui( 颜之推),should be accounted for in light of a combination between Chinese and non-Chinese materials.

关 键 词：古越语 魏晋音 语源 古江东方言 音韵对应 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]