Iron dysregulates APP processing accompanying with sAPPα cellular retention and β-secretase inhibition in rat cortical neurons  

作　　者：Yu-ting CHEN Wu-yan CHEN Xiao-tian HUANG Ye-chun XU Hai-yan ZHANG 

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Mateda Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai201203, China [3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

出　　处：《Acta Pharmacologica Sinica》2018年第2期177-183,共7页中国药理学报（英文版）

基　　金：The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No 81522045 and 31400932）.

摘　　要：Amyloid precursor protein （APP） and iron both play pivotal roles in the central nervous system, but whether and how iron influences the processing of endogenous APP in neurons remain unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of iron on non-amyloidogenic and amyloidogenic processing of APP in rat primary cortical neurons. Treatment of the neurons with ferric ammonium citrate （FAC, 100 pmol/L） markedly facilitated the non-amytoidogenic processing of APP, as evidenced by a robust increase in α-secretase-derived carboxy-terminal fragment α （CTFα）. Furthermore, the distribution of sAPPα was altered after iron treatment, and sAPPα remained in the cellular lysates instead of being secreted into the extracellular milieu. Moreover, the levels of APP amyloidogenic products, including sAPPβ and Aβ were both decreased. We further revealed that FAC did not alter the expression of β-secretase, but significantly suppressed its enzymatic activity in iron-treated neurons. In a cell-free β-secretase activity assay, FAC dose-dependently inhibited the activity of purified β-secretase with an IC50 value of 21.67 pmol/L. Our data provide the first evidence that iron overload alters the neuronal sAPPα distribution and directly inhibits β-secretase activity. These findings shed light on the regulatory mechanism of bio-metals on APP processing.Amyloid precursor protein （APP） and iron both play pivotal roles in the central nervous system, but whether and how iron influences the processing of endogenous APP in neurons remain unclear. Here, we investigated the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of iron on non-amyloidogenic and amyloidogenic processing of APP in rat primary cortical neurons. Treatment of the neurons with ferric ammonium citrate （FAC, 100 pmol/L） markedly facilitated the non-amytoidogenic processing of APP, as evidenced by a robust increase in α-secretase-derived carboxy-terminal fragment α （CTFα）. Furthermore, the distribution of sAPPα was altered after iron treatment, and sAPPα remained in the cellular lysates instead of being secreted into the extracellular milieu. Moreover, the levels of APP amyloidogenic products, including sAPPβ and Aβ were both decreased. We further revealed that FAC did not alter the expression of β-secretase, but significantly suppressed its enzymatic activity in iron-treated neurons. In a cell-free β-secretase activity assay, FAC dose-dependently inhibited the activity of purified β-secretase with an IC50 value of 21.67 pmol/L. Our data provide the first evidence that iron overload alters the neuronal sAPPα distribution and directly inhibits β-secretase activity. These findings shed light on the regulatory mechanism of bio-metals on APP processing.

关 键 词：IRON NEURONS amyloid precursor protein sAPPα Β-AMYLOID Β-SECRETASE Atzheimer＇s disease 

分 类 号：Q421[生物学—神经生物学] TP317[生物学—生理学]