用于微型飞行器的高转速超声电机  

A New Type of Rotary Ultrasonic Motor Applied to Micro Air Vehicles

作　　者：王乐[1,2] 王永杰 芦小龙[1] 赵淳生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016 [2]黔南民族师范学院数学与统计学院,都匀558000

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2018年第1期170-175,共6页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51505222;51575265);高等学校学科创新引智计划("111计划")资助项目

摘　　要：为了探索和实现超声电机在微型飞行器领域的应用,提出了一种微型高转速超声电机。该电机利用定子的面外弯曲振动模态,依靠接触摩擦驱动转子旋转,进而带动与之固连的旋翼高速运转。定子主体由基板和碳纤维管组合而成,碳纤维管竖直安置于基板中心,具有放大定子基板振幅的作用,碳纤维管的两端锥面作为电机的驱动面来驱使转子旋转,激励原件为四分区的环状压电陶瓷。利用有限元软件Ansys15.0对电机定子有限元模型进行了分析,并对电机尺寸进行了优化,确定了定子的工作模式并模拟了定子驱动端面质点的三维运动轨迹。实验样机的机械特性实验结果表明,在驱动频率为30.9kHz、电压为350V_(p-p)激励信号下,电机最大转速可达到5 520r/min,产生的最大升力达到14mN。结果表明,该超声电机具有高转速、高稳定性的特点,为进一步应用于微型飞行器奠定了基础。In this paper a novel high-speed rotary ultrasonic motor based on the out-of-plane flexural vibration mode is proposed.The stator consists of a metal disk and a carbon fiber tube.The carbon fiber tube is bonded to the center of the metal disk,and the carbon fiber tube is used to amplify the vibration amplitude of the metal disk.There are eight piezoelectric plates bonded to the both sides of the metal disk for exciting the stator′s out-of-plane flexural vibration mode.The rotor pressed on the conical surface of the carbon fiber tube can be driven to rotate by the traveling wave propagation via the contact friction force.A three-dimensional finite element model of the ultrasonic motor is built and a numerical simulation is carried out by Ansys software.Trajectories of the contact point can be calculated and the optimal size of the motor can be obtained.Experimental results show that the motor can rotate at the maximum speed of 5 520 r/min when the driving voltage is 350 V_(p-p) and the driving frequency is 30.9 kHz.The maximum lifting force of the motor after installation of one propeller reaches 14 mN.The experiments show that the maximum rotary speed of the novel motor is higher than the traditional traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor.The future work is to optimize the structure to improve the performance of this motor for the requirements of micro air vehicles.

关 键 词：压电陶瓷 超声电机 微型飞行器 升力 

分 类 号：TM356[电气工程—电机] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]