基因10型Ⅰ类新城疫病毒的生物学与基因组学特征  

Genomic and Biological Characteristics of the First Class-Ⅰ Genotype-10 Newcastle Disease Virus in China

作　　者：杨少华[1] 许传田[1] 张琳[1] 黄艳艳[1] 黄庆华[1] 崔宁 张秀美[1] YANG Shaohua;XU Chuantian;ZHANG Lin;HUANG Yanyan;HUANG Qinghua;CUI Ning;ZHANG Xiumei;(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shandong Key Lab of Animal Disease Control and Breeding)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室

出　　处：《病毒学报》2018年第2期217-223,共7页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(项目号:CARS-41-Z10);题目:国家肉鸡产业技术体系潍坊综合试验站~~

摘　　要：2013年在新城疫病毒（NDV）的流行病学调查中,从白鹭泄殖腔棉拭子分离到1株Ⅰ类新城疫病毒,命名为SD18/13。为了进一步了解该毒株的生物学特性与基因组学特性,进行了全基因测序、交叉血凝中和试验及动物实验。结果发现分离株SD18/13基因组全长为15 198bp,F蛋白裂解位点的氨基酸组成为112-ERQER/L-117,具有典型的低致病性新城疫病毒的分子特征。F基因的系统进化显示该毒株与法国分离株teal/France/100011/2010同源性最高,属于基因10型I类新城疫病毒。交叉HI试验结果显示该毒株与疫苗株Lasota的抗原同源性为61%,与基因3型Ⅰ类新城疫病毒的抗原同源性为77%~86%。致病性实验发现,该病毒可以在SPF鸡体内较好地复制,在肝脏、腺胃、肠道、脾脏等器官均检出病毒,攻毒后48h各器官的病毒含量达到高峰,以肠道的病毒载量最高,但致病性较弱,在14d观察期内攻毒鸡无明显的临床症状;病理组织学检查发现脾脏淋巴细胞轻微坏死,肾脏充血淤血,肠道粘膜上皮细胞脱落,固有层淋巴细胞浸润增生,气管粘膜固有层轻微出血。SD18/13是我国首次检出的基因10型Ⅰ类新城疫病毒,关于其来源和分布有待于进一步监测和研究。A new lentogenic Newcastle disease virus（NDV）,designated as SD18/13,was isolated from an asymptomatic egret in southern China during NDV surveillance in 2013.The biology and pathogenicity were characterized to better understand the evolution of the isolate.Results suggested that the complete genome length of SD18/13 was 15,198 nucleotides with the motif 112 ERQER/L117 at the cleavage site of the F protein,which is typical of a low-virulence NDV.Phylogenetic analyses based on the complete F gene revealed that the isolate was clustered into sub-genotype 10 in classⅠ,and showed high similarity with the strain teal/France/100011/2010 isolated from a teal in France.A cross hemagglutination inhibition（HI）assay of six NDVs showed HI homology between SD18/13 and LaSota to be 61%,and the homology between SD18/13 and ClassⅠNDVs to be 77%~86%.The isolate had no apparent pathogenicity to specific pathogen-free chickens,but could replicate well in infected chicken.Amount of virus in organs reached peak at 48 hpost infection.Histopathology revealed slight necrosis of lymphocytes in spleen,congestion in kidney,slight bleeding in lamina propria of tracheal mucosa,falling off of intestinal mucosal epithelial cell,proliferation of lymphocytes in lamina propria of intestine.This is the first report of a genotype-10 NDV in China.These results demonstrate that the emerging genotype-10 virus might exist in asymptomatic waterfowl,and may infect domestic poultry.Thus,Further investigations are needed to identify the source and distribution of the virus.

关 键 词：新城疫病毒(NDV) 全基因组序列 系统进化分析 Ⅰ类 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]