急性心理应激影响记忆效果：心理韧性的调节作用  

Effect of Acute Psychological Stress on Memory:The Moderating Effect of Resilience

作　　者：赵改 陈光辉[1] 孔繁昌[2] Zhao Gai1＇2 Chen Guanghui1, Kong Fanchang2(1. School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014） Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014 [2]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2018年第2期416-422,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：本研究得到国家社会科学基金青年项目(15CSH019)和山东省青年教师成长计划经费的资助.

摘　　要：研究选取56名大学生被试,通过特里尔社会应激测验(trier social stress test,TSST)、记忆和心理韧性测验来探究急性心理应激对大学生记忆效果的影响,以及心理韧性在二者关系中的调节作用。结果表明:(1)相对于非应激组,应激组大学生的整体记忆成绩更差,且应激组中的高应激反应者的记忆成绩比低应激反应者的记忆成绩更差;(2)心理韧性可以调节应激反应与记忆成绩之间的关系,表现为在高心理韧性情况下,大学生的记忆成绩不会随着应激反应程度的升高而产生显著的变化;而在低心理韧性情况下,大学生的记忆成绩会随着应激反应程度的升高而出现显著下降。研究进一步从认知加工资源分配与再分配的视角讨论了心理应激、心理韧性与记忆功能三者间的关系与启示。Psychological stress has been defined either as a negative stimulus to the person, or as a response characterized by physiological arousal and negative affect. Acute psychological stress has an immense impact on cognition among healthy populations. Resilience plays an essential role in acute psychology and subsequent cognitive processing. However, little is known about how acute psychological stress interacts with memory among healthy young adults, especially how acute psychological stress and memory are modulated by resilience. The present study aims to investigate the effect of acute psychological stress on memory and the moderating effect of resilience on psychological stress and memory. Thirty-six healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to stress group, and 20 participants were in the non-stress group. The non-stress group directly entered into a 15-minute memory test after a 5-minute rest. The stress group began with a 5-minute rest and then made a self-report of their subjective stress levels, the time point was termed as A1. The stress group immediately incorporated the questionnaire Connor Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC） and Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）, and subsequently were exposed to Trier Social Stress Test （TSST） for an addition 11-minute. The stress group then self-reported their current subjective stress levels again, the time point was termed as A2. Finally they entered into the memory test of 15-minute and then made self-report subjective stress level, the time point was termed as A3. According to score in TSST, the stress group was subsequently divided into the high-stress group and low-stress group according to their subjective report. One-way ANOVA of memory indicated that the main effect of psychosocial stress was significant （F （1, 55） =18.23,p 〈 .01, q2= .25）, and the memory in the stress group of acute psychological stress was poorer than that of the control group. We then carried out repeated measures ANOVA of subjective stress level, comprising the within

关 键 词：心理应激 应激反应程度 心理韧性 记忆 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]