民国初期西画家群体的结社实践——以社团公共领域活动为例  

The Practice of Chinese Artists in Western Paintings Assembly in the Initial Period of Republic of China——Take the Activities of Associations as an Example

作　　者：杜少虎[1] 牛冬冬[1] DU Shaohu1, NIU Dongdong2

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学美术学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《艺术探索》2018年第2期30-43,共14页Arts Exploration

基　　金：2015国家社科基金艺术学一般项目"20世纪上半叶西洋油画的‘中国化’衍变"(15BF073)

摘　　要：从洋务运动到庚子之变至新文化运动,中国人竭尽全力地输入西洋新智及科学,其目的是谋求民族的自强与独立。因此,文化上的西化运动并未使辛亥革命以后出现的中国西画社团走向全盘西化的道路,相反,在新文艺运动发展中贯穿始终的线索是民族意识的确立与逐渐强化。社团的共同目标是群体共同价值之所在,也是凝结人心和维系情感力量的纽带。20世纪早期的西画社团更多地借鉴了西方美术沙龙、画派及日本白马会、二科会的活动方式,他们不遗余力地学习西洋技法,传播西方的绘画观念。然而在社团内部,能够赋予其行为目标正当性的体系却是被称为文化价值的"信念体系"。这种"以文化变革来振奋民族精神,以美育改造社会"的共同理想,使意识形态迅速转变为社会运动,并最终把知识精英和普通大众凝结在了一起。From the Westernization movement to the Transformation of Geng Zi to the New Culture Movement, the Chinese tried their utmost to import Western intellectual and science with the aim of seeking national self-reliance and independence. Therefore, the cultural westernization movement did not lead the Chinese Western Painting Associations emerged after the Revolution of 1911 to the path of wholesale westernization. On the contrary, the clues throughout the development of the new art movement were the establishment and gradual strengthening of national consciousness. The common goal of the Associations is the common value of the community, and they condense the people and maintain the bond of the emotional strength. Artists in Western Painting Associations in the early 20th century used more from the ways of western art salons, painting schools, and Japan＇s White Horse Association and the Nika Association for reference. They spared no effort in learning western techniques and spreading Western concepts of painting. However, within the Associations, the system that can give legitimacy to its goal of behavior is the ＂Belief System＂ called cultural value. This common ideal of ＂enlivening the national spirit through cultural changes and amending the society with aesthetic education＂ quickly transformed ideology into a social movement and finally brought the intellectual elite and the general public together.

关 键 词：西画家 结社 行为模式 信念体系 公共领域 

分 类 号：J120.9[艺术—艺术理论]