回顾与展望:人工智能在图书馆的应用  

Retrospective Analysis and Prediction:Artificial Inteligence and Its Applications in Libraries

作　　者：傅平[1] 邹小筑[2] 吴丹[3] 叶志锋[2] Fu Ping

机构地区：[1]中央华盛顿大学,艾伦斯堡98926 [2]南京航空航天大学,南京210016 [3]武汉大学信息管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《图书情报知识》2018年第2期50-60,共11页Documentation,Information & Knowledge

基　　金：江苏省图书馆学会重点课题"基于人工神经网络的馆藏资源精准推荐方法研究"(17ZD02);南京航空航天大学图书馆业务创新项目"基于人工智能的航空发动机领域叙词表自动构建方法研究"(TSG201708)的成果之一

摘　　要：本课题的研究源于最近几年人工智能在基础研究和产业领域掀起的新一轮发展高潮。本文使用文献回顾和例举分析的方法研究AI的分支,包括专家系统、模式识别、自然语言处理、机器人、机器学习、深度学习神经网络在图书馆信息检索、编目、分类、选书、采购、订阅、流通、参考咨询和图书馆自动化领域的应用现状和发展趋势。通过对发表在国内外有影响的期刊文章和最新产业界人工智能技术应用的实例研究,我们发现目前AI在图书馆领域的应用基本上还处于狭义AI或称为弱AI的机器学习阶段,但是现在兴起的人脸识别、机器人整理书架和基于机器学习自然语言处理和人工神经网络的聊天机器人等AI技术正陆续加入到图书馆自动化的行列中来,特别是强人工智能技术应用于图书馆新一代信息检索系统的前景比较明朗。The application of artificial intelligence（AI）has brought innovation to basic science research and industry in recently years.This paper briefly reviews and analyzes the research and development of artificial intelligence technologies such as expert systems,natural language processing,pattern recognition,robotics and machine learning in the fields of library information retrieval,reference service,cataloging,classification,acquisitions,circulation and automation.By analyzing the papers published on both domestic and international journals,studying the practices of latest AI applications in industry,this paper finds that the current AI applications in the library are still in the narrow AI or weak AI/machine learning phase.However,the emerging technology of face recognition,arranging and organizing book shelves by robots,natural language processing based on machine learning,chat robot based on artificial neural networks are making library more automatic.Especially,this paper looks into the possibilities of applying general AI or strong AI technologies into the retrieval system of libraries.

关 键 词：人工智能 图书馆 机器学习 深度学习 神经网络 生物特征识别 

分 类 号：G250.7[文化科学—图书馆学]