山西省新碘盐标准实施前后孕妇碘营养状况分析  

A contrast analysis of iodine nutrition levels of pregnant women before and after implementing the new standard of iodized salt in Shanxi Province

作　　者：段虎顺[1] 张向东[2] 郭百锁[2] 王永平[2] 张峰峰[3] 任艳婷[3] 程晓天[3] 韩凌凌[2] 贾清珍[4] Duan Hushun;Zhang Xiangdong;Guo Baisuo;Wang Yongping;Zhang Fengfeng;Ren Yanting;Cheng Xiaotian;Han Lingling;Jia Qingzhen(Medical Department, Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Linfen 041000, China （Duan HS;Department of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Linfen 041000, China （Zhang XD, Guo BS, Wang YP, Han LL;Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Linfen 041000, China （Zhang FF, Ren YT, Cheng XT;Executive Office, Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Linfen 041000, China （Jia QZ)

机构地区：[1]山西省地方病防治研究所医技科,临汾041000 [2]山西省地方病防治研究所碘缺乏病室,临汾041000 [3]山西省地方病防治研究所检验科,临汾041000 [4]山西省地方病防治研究所行政办,临汾041000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第4期323-325,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方重大公共卫生服务地方病防治项目（2014）

摘　　要：目的 了解盐碘含量新标准实施前后山西省孕妇碘营养状况，为今后孕妇科学补碘提供依据。方法 分别于盐碘含量调整前后（2011、2014年），在山西省采用人口比例概率抽样（PPS）法各选择30个县（市、区），每个县（市、区）抽取1所小学，每所小学分别抽取40名（2011年）或50名（2014年）8 - 10岁儿童，采集家中食用盐盐样，盐碘测定采用直接滴定法；在每所小学所在乡（镇、街道办事处），抽取20名孕妇，采集即时尿样，尿碘测定采用砷铈催化分光光度法（WS／T 107-2006）。结果 2011、2014年，分别检测盐样1 182、1 437份，盐碘中位数分别为30.5、24.1 mg／kg，两者比较差异有统计学意义（H = 567.45，P 〈 0.01）；2014年碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为95.41%、80.31%、76.62%，与2011年（97.63%、97.49%、95.18%）比较差异均有统计学意义（χ^2 = 9.27、232.40、166.25，P均 〈 0.01）。2011、2014年分别检测孕妇尿样440、630份，尿碘中位数分别为279.6、177.1 μg／L，2011年处于碘营养超过适宜量状态，2014年处于碘营养适宜状态，两者比较差异有统计学意义（H = 153.89，P 〈 0.01）；2014年孕妇尿碘中位数 〈 150 μg／L的构成比［41.11%（259/630）］明显大于2011年［8.18%（36/440），χ^2 = 140.68，P 〈 0.0１］；尿碘中位数在250 - 〈 500 μg／L的构成比明显小于2011年［23.65%（149/630）比54.77%（241/440），χ^2 = 108.33，P 〈 0.01］。结论 碘盐含量调整后，山西省孕妇整体碘营养由超适宜量过渡到适宜状态，碘营养水平合理，但孕妇尿碘 〈 150 μg／L的比率增大，需引起重视。Objective To study the nutritional status of pregnant women in Shanxi Province before and after the implementation of the new standards of iodized salt content, provide the basis for scientific supplementation of iodine for pregnant women. Methods According to the method of population proportion sampling, 30 county-level monitoring sites were selected, a primary school was selected from each county （city, district） by the method of simple random sampling and 40 students in 2011 or 50 students in 2014 aged 8 - 10 years were selected in each school, direct titration was used to detect salt iodine; at the same time, 20 pregnant women were selected from each town where the primary school was located and urinary iodine was determined using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006）. Results A total of 1 182 and 1 437 salt samples was detected in Shanxi Province in 2011 and 2014, the median of salt iodine was 30.5 and 24.1 mg/kg, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （H = 567.45, P 〈 0.01）; it was 95.41%, 80.31%, 76.62% of the coverage rate of iodized salt, qualified rate of iodized salt, qualified iodized salt consumption rate in 2014, respectively; which were compared with those in 2011 （97.63%, 97.49%, 95.18%）, the differences were statistically significant （χ^2 = 9.27, 232.40, 166.25, P 〈 0.01）. A total of 440 and 630 urinary samples of pregnant women were tested in 2011 and 2014, the median of urinary iodine was 279.6 and 177.1 μg/L, respectively, iodine nutrition of pregnant women was more than adequate in 2011, and iodine nutrition was suitable in 2014. The difference was statistically significant （H = 153.89, P 〈 0.01）. The proportion of pregnant women＇s median of urinary iodine less than 150 μg/L in 2014 [41.11% （259/630）] was significantly higher than that in 2011 [8.18% （36/440）, χ^2 = 140.68, P 〈 0.01]. The constituent ratio of 250 to 500 μg/L was significantly decreased [23.65% （149/630） vs 54.77% （241/440）, χ^

关 键 词：盐类 碘 孕妇 营养 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]