亚高原训练对世居高原青少年耐力运动员有氧运动能力的影响  

Intervention of Sub-plateau Training in Native Plateau Adolescent Endurance Athletes' Aerobic`Capacity

作　　者：刘娜 钱钰[2] 殷劲[2] 刘青[3] LIU Na;QIAN Yu;YIN Jin;LIU Qing(Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu Sichuan 610041)

机构地区：[1]成都体育学研究生院,四川成都610041 [2]成都体育学院运动医学与健康学院,四川成都610041 [3]成都体育学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2018年第2期80-85,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：2014年四川省科技计划项目"高原-亚高原交替训练的实验研究--以甘孜州中长跑运动员为例"(2014SZ0158)

摘　　要：目的:探讨亚高原训练对世居高原青少年耐力运动员有氧运动能力的影响。方法:四川省甘孜州48名世居高原耐力运动员分为实验组A(高原3周-亚高原2周-平原1周)和对照组B(单纯高原5周-平原1周)进行训练。结果:(1)A组与B组比较,呈现出12mins极限跑成绩提高、400 m均时更短且更接近最快400 m用时、最快400 m用时和最慢400 m用时均更短,部分指标存在显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)A组对比B组,最大摄氧量、心率、血氧饱和度、血乳酸、血糖以及尿液指标的变化呈现出有利于有氧工作能力提高的趋势,部分指标存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:2周的亚高原干预训练,使世居高原青少年耐力运动员在充分发挥其既得生理优势的基础上,比单纯的高原训练更好的巩固和提高了有氧运动能力,实现了生理功能和运动成绩的有益结合,为运动员平原参赛做充分准备。Objective： To improve the native plateau youth endurance athletes＇ aerobic ability through the intervention of sub-platitude training,and compensate the intensity lost in plateau training on the basis of optimizing the function of heart and lung and the use of oxygen in muscle tissues,aiming to exert a more positive and far-reaching influence on the development of the endurance sports in China through reasonable sub-plateau training intervention. Methods： 48 youth native endurance athletes from Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province were divided into experimental group A（ 3 weeks on plateau-2 weeks on sub-plateau-1 week on plain） and control group B（ 5 weeks on plateau-1 week on plain） to participate in the experiment. Results：（ 1） compared with group B,group A presented better performance in limit running,used shorter average time in 400 meters running,much closer to their shortest time in 400 meters running. Both their average longest time and shortest time in 400 meters running were shortened,and there were significant differences in some indicators between the two groups（ P 0. 05）.（ 2） Compared with group B,the maximal oxygen uptake,heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,blood lactic acid,blood glucose and other indicators of group A showed a tendency to stronger aerobic working ability,and there were significant differences in some indicators（ P 0. 05）. Conclusion：After 2 weeks of sub-plateau intervention training,the young native plateau athletes have been able to give full play to their existing physiological advantages. Compared with the mere plateau training,the sub-plateau intervention training consolidated and improved the athletes ＇ aerobic exercise ability in a better way,and made their physiological function and athletic performance combined effectively. This helped make athletes fully prepared for participating in matches on plains.

关 键 词：高原训练 亚高原 青少年 世居高原 耐力性运动 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]