眼科学解剖课程教学方法有效性的比较研究  

A comparative study of the effect of several teaching methods in ocular anatomy

作　　者：刘子源[1] 王薇[1] 邱伟强[1] Liu Ziyuan;Wang Wei;Qiu Weiqiang(Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院眼科,100191

出　　处：《中华医学教育杂志》2018年第2期246-248,307,共4页Chinese Journal of Medical Education

摘　　要：目的比较评价几种常见教学方法在眼科学解剖课程中应用的有效性。方法将北京大学八年制临床医学专业46名学生随机分为3D程序组，基于问题学习（problem—based learning，PBL）至且和传统模具组，分别进行眼科学解剖的理论和实践操作课程授课，理论课程采用3D人体解剖程序、PBL和传统教学模具授课，实践操作课程包括动物眼显微手术模拟及眼球解剖、临床手术录像。课后进行默画解剖图、结业考试和问卷调查以评估不同教学手段的有效性。结果默画解剖图的结果提示，传统模具组的基础解剖结构描绘的最准确，所描绘的解剖结构个数也最高。问卷调查结果提示学生对PBL的评分最低，对传统模具讲授评分最高；手术录像评分低，动物眼显微手术模拟及解剖操作评分高。结业考试结果提示PBL组学生失分最多。结论相比传统模具讲授方法，其他教学方法在眼科学解剖教学中没有达到预期理想的效果，原因是各种教学法在眼科专业中具有特殊问题，需进行有针对性的改进。Objective To investigate the effect of several common teaching methods in ocular anatomy course. Methods Forty-six clinical medicine students from 8-year program were enrolled and divided into three groups, 3D group, problem-based learning group and traditional model group. All three groups went through theory course and experiment practice with different teaching methods. A test of memory of ocular anatomy, a written examination and a questionnaire were conducted to evaluate each method. Results The model group had a better memory of ocular structure; the questionnaire showed that students considered PBL had the least help for their study; and PBL group had the most mistakes in written examinations. Conclusions No teaching method showed better effect than traditional model demonstration in ocular anatomy course. They had specific problems when applied in ophthalmology and may have better results with modifications.

关 键 词：眼科学 解剖 3D人体解剖程序 基于问题学习 教学效果 

分 类 号：R-4[医药卫生] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]