佛山南海区2015-2016年食源性疾病监测及预警机制探讨  

Study on foodborne disease surveillance and early warning mechanism in Nanhai district of Foshan city,2015-2016

作　　者：黄晓媚[1] 董勤[1] 黄杰周[1] 李家杰 HUANG Xiao-mei;DONG Qin;HUANG Jie-zhou;LI Jia-jie(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanhai District in Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, Chin)

机构地区：[1]佛山市南海区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528200

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2018年第2期208-211,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：佛山市医学科研立项课题(20160201)

摘　　要：目的通过对佛山市南海区2015-2016年食源性疾病监测数据的分析,了解南海区食源性疾病发病特征及流行特点,探讨食源性疾病防控及建立预警机制应对策略,为食源性疾病的预测预警及采取有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法确定哨点医院报告的食源性疾病病例定义,对病例信息进行收集,按人群、时间、临床症状和路程分布等因素进行流行病学分析,并采集患者的粪便或肛拭子进行病原学检测。结果 2015-2016年南海区共报告食源性疾病289例,男女病例各占50.17%和49.83%,以0~9岁年龄组所占比例最高,为29.76%;6-9月报告病例占全年的54.06%,是食源性疾病高发期;50.52%的病例分布于距离哨点医院<10km路程的区域;在明确可疑暴露食物中,果蔬及制品、肉及肉制品的占比较高,分别占22.84%和19.72%;阳性检出率最高的病原菌为沙门氏菌,占5.88%。结论重点加强0~9岁人群及高发季节的食源性疾病监测工作,扩大监测哨点覆盖范围,进一步健全食源性疾病监测网络体系,提高食源性疾病病例样品的检测水平。对食源性疾病问题食品应进一步溯源,从而更加科学地指导食品卫生监督工作。完善食源性疾病监测系统并建立食源性疾病预警机制,可提高食源性疾病暴发的早期识别和控制能力并降低食源性疾病发病率。Objectlve Through the surveillance data of foodborne disease from 2015 to 2016 in Nanhai district of Foshan,to understand the epidemic characteristics of foodborne disease and explore the strategies for the prevention and control of foodborne disease and establishment of early warning mechanism, in order to provide scientific basis and effective intervention measures for the prediction and early warning of foodborne disease. Methods The definition of foodbome disease eases re- ported by sentinel hospitals were defined, and information of the case was collected, then epidemiologieal statistical analysis was conducted according to factors such as population,time, clinical symptoms and address distribution. Patients＇ stool sampies or anal swabs were collected to dectect pathogeny. Results During 2015 and 2016,289 foodborne disease cases were reported,the number of male and female cases accounted for 50. 17% and 49.83%. The highest proportion of these cases was under the age of 10 , accounted for 29.76% ;the epidemic peak appeared from June to September, accounting for 54. 06% of the whole year. The 50.52% cases were distributed within the area of 10kin from the sentinel hospital. The majority of suspected foods were fruits and vegetables and products, meat and meat products （22.84% and 19.72% respectively） ; the highest rate of pathogen was salmonella , accounted for 5.88%. Conclusion The government should strengthen the monitoring of foodborne disease under the age of 10, especially in the peak seasons;expand the coverage of sentinel points,improve the monitoring system of foodborne disease network and improve the detection level of foodborne disease cases. The food hygiene supervision should be guided by further tracing of suspected food. Improving foodborne disease surveillance system and establishing foodborne disease early warning mechanism could improve the ability of early identification, control of foodborne disease outbreaks and reduce the incidence of foodborne disease.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 哨点监测 预警 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R181.81[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]