温州市动物性海产品镉残留健康风险评估  

Risk assessment of cadmium residues in animal seafood in Wenzhou

作　　者：陈晟[1] 高四海[1] 林丹[1] 蔡圆圆[1] 山若青[1] 王黎荔[1] CHEN Sheng;GAO Si-hai;LIN Dan;CAI Yuan-yuan;SHAN Ruo-qing;WANG Li-li(Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China)

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江温州325001

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第5期446-449,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：温州市公益性科技计划项目(Y20160467)

摘　　要：目的了解温州市动物性海产品重金属镉残留水平,评估动物性海产品镉的膳食暴露量及健康风险。方法于2016年4—10月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,从温州市鹿城区、龙湾区、瓯海区等8个县(市、区)的超市及农贸市场采集385份动物性海产品进行镉含量检测,并结合温州市居民消费量调查数据,采用点评估法评估居民食用动物性海产品镉暴露的健康风险。结果 385份动物性海产品中,海水鱼195份,甲壳类100份,软体类90份。样品镉含量的中位数为0.011 mg/kg;302份样品检出镉,检出率为78.44%;33份样品镉含量超标,超标率为8.57%;甲壳类和软体类海产品镉含量均高于海水鱼(P<0.016 7)。分别有2、32和4份海水鱼、甲壳类和软体类海产品的镉单因子污染指数≥1.0,分别占1.03%、32.00%和4.44%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。温州市动物性海产品食用居民的镉暴露量中位数和高消费量居民镉暴露量分别为2.36和7.53μg/kg体重,均小于联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会规定的食品中镉的每月可耐受摄入量(25μg/kg体重)。结论温州市居民食用动物性海产品镉暴露水平较低,健康风险较小。Objective To explore the residual level of cadmium in animal seafood in Wenzhou,and to evaluate the health risk of cadmium pollution in animal seafood. Methods From April to October 2016, 385 animal seafood were collected from the supermarkets and agricultural markets in 8 counties（cities and districts） such as Lucheng,Longwan and Ouhai in Wenzhou by multi-stage stratified random sampling method, then the cadmium content was tested. Combined with the data of residents＇ consumption in Wenzhou,the point estimate was used to evaluate the health risk of cadmium exposure by eating animal seafood in Wenzhou population. Results Among the 385 animal seafood, there were 195 marine fish, 100 marine crustaceans and 90 marine molluscs. The median cadmium content in animal seafood was 0.011 mg/kg. The cadmium was detected in 302 samples,with the detection rate of 78.44%. The cadmium content exceeded the standard in 33 samples,and the exceeding standard rate was 8.57%. The cadmium content of crustacean and mollusc were higher than that of marine fish（P〈0.016 7）. Single factor pollution index of cadmium was ≥ 1.0 in 2 marine fish,32 crustaceans and 4 molluscs,with the proportion of 1.03%,32.00%and 4.44%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）. The median cadmium exposure and the cadmium exposure in the high-consumers of animal seafood in Wenzhou were 2.36 μg/kg bw and 7.536 μg/kg bw,which were less than provisional tolerable monthly intake of cadmium in food regulated by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Conclusion Wenzhou residents have lower levels of cadmium exposed by eating animal seafood and thus lower health risk.

关 键 词：动物性海产品 镉 点评估 健康风险 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]