泥炭地亚表层含碳温室气体排放及其影响因素  

Carbon dioxide and methane emission from subsurface peatlands and its controlling factors

作　　者：胡云龙 白银萍 董发勤[3] 陈槐[2] 黄晶[1] 刘明学[1] 杨刚[1,2] HU Yunlong;BAI Yinping;DONG Faqin;CHEN Huai;HUANG Jing;LIU Mingxue;YANG Gang(School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization ＆ Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,绵阳621010 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所、中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室、生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [3]西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,绵阳621010

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第2期395-400,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671244);中国科学院成都生物所重点实验室开放课题(KXYS20S1501);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB846003)资助~~

摘　　要：泥炭地是陆地生态系统的重要碳库，其碳动态对全球碳循环起着重要影响. 近年来，在人类活动和气候变化的影响下，泥炭地急剧退化. 表层泥炭在有氧环境下快速分解，亚表层也可能加速代谢过程. 结合国内外有关亚表层泥炭的研究进展，综述和阐释自然环境下和退化后亚表层泥炭地二氧化碳和甲烷两种含碳温室气体及其主要影响因子（自然因子和人为因子）. 结果表明，泥炭地退化后，亚表层会迅速参与到泥炭地生态系统碳循环；水位、植被、温度是影响泥炭地碳循环的主要自然因子，排水、耕作、放牧是主要人为因子. 目前对泥炭地亚表层含碳温室气体排放及其影响因素的研究还不够深入，主要侧重于温室气体通量对不同影响因子的短期响应，在后续研究中应结合新的研究技术与方法，加强泥炭地亚表层碳排放机理的研究. （图1 参57）Peatland is an efficient carbon dioxide （CO2） sink on the continent and plays an important role in global carbon cycle. Climate change and human activities, two of the notable global environmental issues, have accelerated the degradation of peatlands during recent years. Global warming will increase the rate of aerobic decomposition in the surface of peatlands. Carbon stored in the subsurface of peatlands will be metabolized if the climatic conditions become favorable for decomposition. This study reviewed the carbon circle of subsurface peatland in natural environment and in environments disturbed by human activity or climate change. Furthermore, the major factors （environmental and human factors） that affect the carbon cycle were also discussed. According to a previous study, subsurface peatland will rapidly participate in the carbon cycle when the peatland is degraded. Water level, vegetation, and temperature were the main natural factors affecting the carbon cycle, whereas drainage, farming, and grazing were the main anthropogenic factors. Further studies should focus on different soil layer carbon dynamics, inorganic carbon content, and conservation and restoration of peatlands. The study methods should be a combination of macro with micro scale and focus on developing deep peat research techniques. Most of the previous studies focused on greenhouse gas emission and their response factors in short-term experiments. Thus, the mechanism and process of subsurface carbon are not clear and needs further study.

关 键 词：亚表层泥炭 碳循环 土壤酶 退化 气候变化 人类活动 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]