乡村教师补充策略的国际经验与启示  

The International Experiences and Enlightenment of Supplementary Strategies for Rural Teachers

作　　者：李静美[1] 邬志辉[1] LI Jingmei;WU Zhihui(China Institute for Rural Education Development Studies, Northeast Normal University, Moe Key-Institute of Human and Social Science at Universities, Changchun 130024)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2018年第5期3-12,共10页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：联校教育社科医学研究论文奖计划项目"‘新中师’何以可能--乡村小学教师定向培养研究"(项目编号:JX2017010)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：如何补充乡村教师、吸引优秀人才到乡村学校任教是一个国际社会共同关注的问题。世界上一些国家采取的主要补充策略有:利用经济激励,增强招募优势;培养当地人才,保障定向就业;注重乡村体验,完善职前培养;关注职业发展,注重情感激励;吸纳其他人员,转入教师行业。借鉴国际经验,在我国乡村教师补充中,还需优化经济激励,提高激励有效性;明晰对象和内容,实现培养专门化;选拔优秀学生,注重职后发展;调动多方力量,共担补充责任。It is a common concern for the international community to explore how to supply rural teachers and attract talented people to teach in rural schools. The main supplementary strategies adopted by many countries are as follows： using economic incentives to add the advantages for recruiting rural teachers; training local talents and ensuring targeted employment; focusing on the rural experiences and improving pre-service training; paying attention to the development of the career and emotional motivation; and attracting other personnel into the teaching profession. Drawing lessons from the international practices, the supplementary strategies for rural teachers in our country should he improved in the following aspects： optimizing the economic incentives to improve the effectiveness of incentives; clarifying the supplementary targets for rural teachers and contents of the pre-service teacher education to provide special preparation; selecting excellent students and paying attention to their career development; and promoting multiple cooperation to share the responsibility for rural teachers＇ supplement.

关 键 词：乡村教师 补充策略 国际经验 

分 类 号：G515.1[文化科学—教育学]