中小学信息技术教育定位的嬗变  

The Change of the Orientation of Information Technology Education in K12

作　　者：张进宝[1] 姬凌岩[2] ZHANG Jinbao;JI Lingyan(Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;Department of Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Governance, Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]国家行政学院信息技术部,北京100089

出　　处：《电化教育研究》2018年第5期108-114,共7页E-education Research

基　　金：北京市教育科学"十三五"规划2017年度优先关注课题"国内外应用信息技术提高教学质量的成功实践案例研究"(课题编号:CEHA17068)

摘　　要：中小学信息技术课程改革面临深刻反思的必要。文章对中小学信息技术教育定位的演变进行梳理,通过分析当下日益受到关注的计算机科学、编程教育和人工智能应用,剖析了以工具实用性为主的教育存在的问题,探讨了信息技术教育理应承担的数字时代信息意识教育的责任,以及新近备受关注的计算思维教育。文章认为,新时期中小学信息技术教育应定位于三个层次的核心目标:(1)以"增进信息意识,提升数字素养"作为课程初级目标;(2)以"促进计算思维,培养编程能力"作为课程核心目标;(3)以"体验技术实践,实现技术创新"作为教育的高级目标。It is necessary to reform the information technology curriculum in primary and secondary schools. This paper combs the evolution of the orientation of information technology education in primary and secondary schools, analyzes the existing problems in the education of instrumental practicality, and probes into the responsibility of information education in the digital age and recently focused computational thinking education, through analyzing the computer science, programming education and artificial intelligence application which is becoming more and more concerned. It is believed that the information technology education of primary and secondary schools in the new period should be positioned at three levels：（1） ＂enhancing information awareness and improving digital literacy＂ can be taken as the primary goal of the curriculum.（2） ＂Promoting computational thinking and developing programming skills ＂ can be regarded as the core objective of the curriculum.（3） ＂Experiencing technical practice and realizing technological innovation＂ could be considered an advanced goal of education.

关 键 词：信息技术教育 信息素养 计算思维 编程教育 人工智能 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]