渭南市区冬春季PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)时间分布特征及与气象因素的关系  

Temporal distribution of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) and its relationship with meteorological factors during winter and spring in Weinan

作　　者：孟媛媛 符超峰[1,2] 席建建 王祎 MENG Yuanyuan;FU Chaofeng;XI Jianjian;WANG Yi(School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang＇an University, Xi＇an 710054, China;State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi＇an 710061, China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054 [2]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710061

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2018年第2期182-192,共11页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41772167);黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLLOG1601)~~

摘　　要：为研究渭南市区2014?—?2016年的冬春季雾霾天气的特点,选取覆盖渭南市区的4个监测站点,分析渭南市区PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)污染时间分布特征;同时选取日平均气温、相对湿度、风等气象因素,用线性回归分析法分析各个气象因素同大气中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的相互关系。研究发现:三年来冬季PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的日变化的峰值主要出现在12月—?次年1月;春季PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的逐日变化的峰值主要出现在3月;日内的周期变化趋势呈多次波动。渭南市区冬春PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的质量浓度与风速、气温呈负相关,与相对湿度呈正相关,为雾霾的形成创造了条件,在冬季温度较高的情况下以及相对湿度较大的情况下应加强防范。在冬季12月—?次年1月和春季3月应注意雾霾的防范和治理,燃煤企业要安装脱硫脱硝装置,居民日常生活中尽量减少生物燃料的燃烧,同时政府应根据污染物排放量征税,用制度保护环境。Background, aim, and scope In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinese economy, air pollution has became increasingly serious and brought very serious harm to human health, the development of the industry, a large number of vehicle exhaust emissions and a great deal of fossil fuel combustion make the air quality getting worse. The air quality of a region is determined by the content of gases or particulates such as SO2, NO2, CO, O3, PM10, PM2.5, which common features are toxic substances and can foat in the air for a long time, endangering the health of the human body. The main sources of pollutants are vehicle pollution, diesel generators, building dust, biomass, coal combustion and industry pollution, as well as seasonal sources of pollution such as summer dry dust from nearby deserts, autumn crop burning and festive freworks. Weinan City （108°50＇ - 110°38＇E, 34°13＇ - 35°52＇N） is an inland city in western China, this city has faced serious air quality problems due to the rapid growth of cars and the increase in energy consumption in recent decades, however, the pollution problem has not been paid enough attention to in such the medium-sized cities. The number of monitoring sites is extremely limited, the serious pollution in Weinan should cause enough attention to the government, and increase the number of monitoring sites. In the present study, we collected air quality data for PM2.5 and PM10 in Weinan City and investigated the temporal changes and possible sources of these pollutants. This study can provide useful information for timely prevention of haze and how to prevent haze. Materials and methods According to the daily average concentration values and the real-time concentration data per hour of PM10 and PM2.5 in the four stations （Gaoxinyixiao, Ribaoshe, Tiyuguan, Nongkesuo） from January 2014 to August 2016, which data was provided by Weinan City monitoring station. And we get the relevant weather data from the Weinan Meteorological Bureau, such as the corresponding tem

关 键 词：PM2.5 PM10 污染水平 时间分布 气象因素 税收 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X513