民商事案件二审改判的标准及其规则之治  

The Criteria and Rule of Provisions for Amending Judgement of Second-instance on the Civil and Commercial Cases

作　　者：席月民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2018年第3期110-124,共15页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金："中国社会科学院创新工程基础研究学者计划"阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：近年来随着法院受理民商事案件数量的逐年递升,改判率的稳中有升与上诉率的回落下降形成鲜明对比,民商事二审在与一审博弈中立场趋于强硬。在讨论二审改判的正当性标准时,除了应审查法官是否正当行使自身自由裁量权外,还应考虑改判是否能够经得起来自法律职业共同体的批评和质疑。改判权是二审法院及其法官所享有的审判监督权的一种表现形式,在案件质量评估制度改革中应取消改判率这一指标,强化法院之外的检察监督以及社会监督。二审改判需坚持慎重原则,通过进一步细化改判标准,增强改判论证的充分性,突出其纠纷解决和规则治理的功能。In recent years, as the number of civil and commercial cases has increased year by year, there is a distinctive contrast between the higher and higher rates of amending judgements and the lower and lower rates of appeal. The appellate court has been taking a tough stance on the first-instance court while to amend the original judgement of the same case. When discussing the legitimacy criteria for the second instance trial, other than reviewing whether he or she is exercising his or her discretion reasonably or not while hearing the appellate civil and commercial cases, the judge also needs to consider whether such verdict can withstand the criticism outside the court and questioning from the legal occupation community. Since the discretion of amending a judgement may be included in the category of power of supervision on adjudication, the index of amending rate should be abolished in the future reform of court's case quality assessment system in order to simultaneously strengthen the prosecutorial supervision and social supervision. The appellate court should adhere to the principle of prudence if to amend the judgement, and enhance the sufficiency of argumentation of decision by further refining the amending standards so as to highlight the function of dispute settlement and rule of provisions.

关 键 词：民商事二审案件 法官裁量权 改判标准 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]