北京市6～16岁儿童社会能力及行为问题调查分析  

Survey of social competence and behavior problem on 6～16 years old children in Beijing

作　　者：戚艳杰[1] 李斌[1] 张之霞[1] 陈旭[1] 周玉明[1] 朱丹迪 郑毅[1] QI Yan-jie;LI Bin;ZHANG Zhi-xia;CHEN Xu;ZHOU Yu-ming;ZHU Dan-di;ZHENG Yi(Children Psychiatry, Beijing Anding Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院儿童精神科,北京100088

出　　处：《中国医刊》2018年第5期539-542,共4页Chinese Journal of Medicine

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAI01B02);北京市医院管理局"扬帆"计划(ZY201403)

摘　　要：目的了解和筛查北京市儿童活动能力、社交能力、学习能力及行为问题的现状。方法采用整群抽样的方法,随机选取2014年1-6月北京市怀柔区与西城区的10 327名6～16岁中小学生作为调查对象,采用Achenbach儿童行为量表对其社会能力及行为问题进行调查。结果不同性别、年龄的儿童社会能力低下表现以活动能力异常为主,且男孩高于女孩;其次表现为社交能力异常,男孩高于女孩;最后表现为学习能力的异常,男孩高于女孩,且女孩的学习异常率随年龄增加而逐渐升高,但6～11岁男孩学习异常率低于12～16岁,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。所有儿童中不同性别的活动能力、社交能力和学习能力比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.05),且4329名6～11岁和4967名12～16岁儿童不同性别的社会能力评分也不同,经比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。同性别、不同年龄的儿童活动能力、社交能力和学习能力的评分经比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。6～11岁的男孩行为问题检出率(11.14%)明显高于女孩(7.62%),随年龄增长,男孩和女孩的行为问题检出率均升高,12～16岁二者的检出率基本相同(14.17%vs14.06%),女孩检出率增高尤为明显。有行为问题儿童在活动能力、社交能力及学习能力各方面均低于无行为问题儿童,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论儿童期社会能力低下及行为问题仍比较突出,并存在年龄及性别差异,且随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势。Objective To understand and screen the status quo of Beijing children＇s youth activities, social skills, learning ability and behavioral problems. Method Cluster sampling method, randomly selected from January 2014 to June 2014 Beijing representative of two areas： Huairou district and Xicheng district 10 327 6-16 years old primary and middle school students as subjects, using Achenbach child behavior scale for children＇s social ability and behavior problems in the investigation. Result Different gender, different age children with low social function activity anomalies, and the boys was higher than that of girls; followed by the performance of social skills is abnormal, the boy was higher than that of girls; the abnormal learning ability, higher than boys gifts and girls learn the abnormal rate gradually increased with age, but the 6-11 years old boys learning the abnormal rate of less than 12-16 years old boys, there was a significant difference （P〈0.05）. All children with different gender, social activity ability and learning ability by comparison, there were significant differences （P〈0.05）, and 4329 6-11 and 4967 12-16 years old children of different gender and social ability were also different, the difference was significant （P〈0.05）. The scores of activity, social and learning ability of children with the same sex and age were significantly different （P〈0.05）. The detection rate of behavioral problems of boys aged 6-11 years （11.14%） was significantly higher than that of girls （7.62%）. With age, the detection rates of behavior problems of boys and gifts increased, and the detection rates of two were basically the same （14.17%vs 14.06%）, especially for girls. Children with behavioral problems were lower than non behavioral problems in all aspects of activity, social ability and learning ability （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of low social competence and behavioral problems in childhood is still prominent, with age and gender difference, and with the increa

关 键 词：儿童 社会能力 行为问题 检出率 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]