2000-2015年全国食物中毒通报情况分析  

Analysis of nationwide food poisonings from 2000 to 2015

作　　者：王民[1] 张晓芳[1] 于瑞敏[1] 胡冰冰[1] 高戎[1] 佟亮[1] WANG Min;ZHANG Xiaofang;YU Ruimin;HU Bingbing;GAO Rong;TONG Liang(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100042, China)

机构地区：[1]北京军区疾病预防控制中心,北京100042

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2018年第7期644-647,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：全军"十二五"后勤科研重点项目(BWS11J060)

摘　　要：目的通过对我国食物中毒通报情况的分析,探讨我国食物中毒的发生规律,提出预防对策。方法对卫生部2000-2015年间全国食物中毒/重大食物中毒通报情况进行归纳整理,并进行分析。结果 2000-2015年间我国平均每年发生食物中毒296起,中毒10 609人,死亡188人。微生物性食物中毒人数最多,占中毒总人数的56.10%;有毒动植物中毒和化学中毒死亡人数最多,二者占死亡总人数的85.40%;第三季度中毒人数占中毒总人数的41.54%;集体食堂中毒人数占中毒总人数的45.33%;家庭中毒死亡率最高,占死亡总人数的81.05%。结论微生物性食物中毒仍是我国目前最高发的食物中毒种类,尤其以集体食堂为重点,第三季度暴发较多。应加强对广大群众的宣传教育,预防食物中毒。Objective To analyze nationwide food poisoning bulletins to investigate its occurrence rule and propose preventive measures. Methods We arranged the nationwide food poisoning bulletins issued by Ministry of Health from 2000 to 2015,and analyzed the data. Results From 2000 to 2015,an average of 296 cases of food poisoning occurred in China annually,with 10609 poisoned and 188 dead. People with microbiological food poisoning accounted for 56. 10% of the total number of poisoning,while poisonous animal and plant,as well as chemical poisoning led to the highest fatality rate,accounting for 85. 40% of the total. The number of people poisoned in the third season made up 41. 54% of the total,while that of people poisoned in collective canteens accounted for 45. 33%. The mortality rate of family poisoning,being the highest,accounted for 81. 05% of the total. Conclusion Among all types of food poisonings in China,microbiological food poisoning is the most popular one,which especially likely to break out in collective canteens and in the third season. Hence,publicity and education of the mass should be enhanced to prevent food poisoning.

关 键 词：全国 食物中毒 通报 分析 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R155.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]