25份贵州镇宁野生茶树种质资源的表型及生化组分多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis of 25 Wild Tea Germplasms in Zhenning, Guizhou:Phenotype and Biochemical Components

作　　者：曹雨[1] 乔大河 赵华富[1] 王家伦 陈娟[1] 陈正武 何顺峰 Cao Yu;Qiao Dahe;Zhao Huafu;Wang Jialun;Chen Juan;Chen Zhengwu;He Shunfeng(Guizhou Tea Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang 550006;Guizhou Shan＆ Shui Tea Industry Co., Ltd, Anshun Guizhou 561200)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州山和水茶业有限公司,贵州安顺561200

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第14期81-88,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省科技攻关项目"镇宁团叶种茶树资源评价及开发利用"(黔科合NY字[2012]3001号);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项

摘　　要：为挖掘特异茶树种质资源,以贵州镇宁新发现的25株野生茶树资源为材料,运用统计分析、遗传多样性分析和聚类分析等方法对26个表型性状和12个主要生化组分进行研究,进而对这25份资源进行综合评价。结果表明这25份种质的表型性状和生化组分变异类型丰富,其中26个表型性状的平均变异系数29.26%,平均多样性指数0.87;12个生化组分性状的平均变异系数25.21%,平均多样性指数2.78;25份种质资源的酚氨比在6.12~20.09之间。聚类分析将其分为3个类群,其中类群一全部为小乔木,类群二、三全为灌木;类群三中资源的生化组分含量最为丰富。从中初步筛选出了3份生化组分丰富的潜在优异种质资源,为后续资源保护、开发和育种应用提供依据。To excavate the excellent tea germplasm resources, 25 wild tea germplasms discovered in Zhenning,Guizhou Province, were taken as materials, 26 phenotypic traits and 12 major biochemical components were studied by using the statistical analysis, genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis, and then the 25 tea germplasms were evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that these tea germplasms had rich variation type in phenotypic traits and biochemical components. The average variation coefficient of the 26 phenotypic traits was 29.26% , and the average diversity index was 0.87. The average variation coefficient of 12 biochemical components was 25.21% , and the average diversity index was 2.78. The ratio of tea polyphenols to amino acid was 6.12-20.09. The 25 tea germplasms were divided into three groups by cluster analysis. Group Ⅰ was small tree, while group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were shrubs. The biochemical components of group Ⅲ were the most abundant. Three potential excellent germplasm resources were selected, which could provide a basis for the resources protection, development and breeding application in the future.

关 键 词：茶树 种质资源 表型性状 生化成分 遗传多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]