拉什迪短篇小说集《东方,西方》的叙事策略解读  

An Interpretation of Narrative Strategies in Rushdie's East,West

作　　者：李升炜[1,2] 蒋虹[1] LI Shengwei;JIANG Hong(School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100085,China;School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学外国语言文学学院,北京100085 [2]西北师范大学外国语学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第4期66-72,共7页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京师范大学自主科研基金项目(文科)(SKZZB2015023);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金(SKZZB2015023)

摘　　要：文章选取拉什迪《东方,西方》小说集中具有代表性的两篇《求婚者》和《好建议比红宝石更罕见》,考察这个短篇小说集中两种密切联系的叙事策略:其一是故事开放、松散的结构,另一种是先在读者心中设立期望,然后又使其失望。在《求婚者》中,除了玛丽和迈斯的爱情故事这个主线之外,还交织着许多小故事。这些故事都是独立的,虽互相影射,彼此照应,但并没有完全的平行或对称。这种模式终究没有表达出一种道德教育意义,也不对任何提出的问题做一了结,它们的功能完全是负面的:颠覆和解构关于"东方"和"西方"的不可更改的传统观念。在《好建议比红宝石更罕见》中,读者的期望被一次次的颠覆了。拉什迪以自己不同于现代主义的"顿悟"式短篇小说的方式,演绎了短篇小说写作中经常使用的"悬念"设置技巧。Based on the two typical stories in Rushdie＇s East, West, ＂The Courter＂ and ＂Good Advice is Rarer than Rubies＂, this paper intends to examine two narrative strategies that are closely allied. One of these is the loose structure of the stories, the other is the setting up of expectations in the reader which are then disappointing. In ＂The Courter＂, Mary＇s and Mecir＇s love story is interwoven with many other stories. In more than just one respect, these stories are counterparts, mirroring and illu minating each other, without however ever becoming completely parallel or symmetrical. This kind of narration, however, never quite amounts to a moral, or a message; no solutions to any of the prob lems are offered; their function is exclusively negative： to subvert and deconstruct irrevocably conven tional notions of ＂East＂ and ＂West＂. In ＂Good Advice is Rarer than Rubies＂, Rushdie, however, in disappointing the readers＂ expectations again and again, employs short story＇s element of surprise in his own way which is different from modernist ＂epiphany＂ short stories.

关 键 词：叙事策略 期望 颠覆 顿悟 后现代 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]