无人机航测图像匹配关键技术研究  

Research on the key technology of survey measurement image based on UAV

作　　者：樊伊君 张启超 Fan Yijun;Zhang Qichao(Institute of Geological ＆ Mineral Resources Survey of Henan,Luoyang 471023,China;Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Gold and Silver Metallogenic Series and Deep Prediction,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质矿产调查院,洛阳471023 [2]河南省金银多金属成矿系列与深部预测重点实验室,洛阳471023

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2018年第10期25-28,共4页Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：中国地勘基金(1212011220503)项目资助

摘　　要：随着通信网络与计算机软硬件技术的发展,特别是高精度、高分辨率影像传感器的出现,航空图像摄影与测量技术在如今的地质测量当中发挥了越来越重要的作用。传统的航空测量采用有人驾驶的大型飞机进行,采集到的测量信息容量大,拍摄范围广,适合大面积的作业,这种方式的测量对硬件场地要求高、耗资大,不太适合小型区域的测量。小型区域的测量通常使用无人机航空测量系统,无人机体积较小,飞行波动大,采集的数据图像不够准确。通过比较影像快速匹配常用算法,对基于灰度的匹配和基于特征的匹配进行深入研究,提出采用基于特征匹配方式中的SIFT特征匹配算法,以得到和实际场景尽可能一致的测量图像。通过实际地表区域图像测量实验,对获得的海量数据进行高精度匹配,能够得到待测物的主要特征,在实际低空小范围测绘中具有实用意义,具有一定的应用与研究价值。With the development of communication network and computer hardware and software technology,especially the emergence of high precision and high resolution imaging sensors,aerial image photography and measurement technology has played an increasingly important role in geological survey.Traditional aerial measurements are carried out by manned large aircraft,with a large volume of measured information and a wide range of shots.This method is suitable for large area operation,which is high and expensive for hardware site,it is not suitable for small area measurement.Small area measurements are usually used for uav air measurement systems,because the drone is small and fluctuates greatly during flight,the data it collects is not accurate enough.This paper proposed SIFT feature matching algorithm method by comparing the gray matching and feature matching algorithm,and gets consistent image measurement with the actual scene.Through the buildings measurement test,it gets the main characteristics of the object.With the high precision matching,it is a practical method in the actual low altitude surveying and mapping in a small scale geological survey,and it has a certain application and research value.

关 键 词：无人机 测量图像 图像校验 图像预处理 图像匹配 特征提取 

分 类 号：TP732.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]