铁路货车装载超限的无人机视觉检测技术  

Unmanned aerial vehicle visual detection technology on gauge-exceeding for railway freight car

作　　者：汪怡然 阮欣培 李鹏舜 李少爽 刘雪勇 杨岳[1] WANG Yiran;RUAN Xinpei;LI Pengshun;LI Shaoshuang;LIU Xueyong;YANG Yue(School of Trafc and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Information Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,长沙410075 [2]中南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410075

出　　处：《铁路计算机应用》2018年第7期80-84,共5页Railway Computer Application

基　　金：国家重点实验室开放课题(2017ZJKF09)

摘　　要：为了保证铁路运输安全,研究一种铁路货车装载超限的无人机视觉检测技术,高效、简便地实现铁路货车装载超限检测。在构建无人机飞行姿态模型的基础上,利用无人机多角度拍摄铁路货车装载实物图像,基于单目立体视觉和图像数据处理方法还原出货车装载状态的三维实物模型。通过三维实物模型与超限检定模型的嵌套和比对,可一次实现整辆货车各部位装载超限情况的精准判定,避免了人工测量法存在的安全隐患。采用无人机视觉检测技术进行超限检测实验,检测精度可达2 mm,满足现场需求。In order to ensure the safety of railway transportation,unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） visual detection technology on gauge-exceeding for railway freight car was put forward in this paper.Based on the model of the UAV flight attitude,taking multi angle UAV to photograph railway freight car loading image,the 3D model of railway freight car could be restored on the basis of the monocular stereo vision 3D measurement theory and image data processing methods.After nesting and comparing the reconstructed model with the gauge-exceeding standard model,the gauge-exceeding status of the whole railway freight car could be determined precisely,which avoided the security risks resulting from the manual measurement.The gauge-exceeding inspection experiment demonstrates that the detection precision is up to 2 mm.

关 键 词：铁路货车 无人机 飞行姿态 三维重建 超限检定 

分 类 号：U294.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] TP39[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]