马术辅助干预孤独症谱系障碍儿童的疗效及应用研究  

Efficacy and application of Equine-assisted interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：高延[1] 洪琦[1] 罗小杏[1] 王丹 GAO Yan;HONG Qi;LUO Xiao-xing;WANG Dan(Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Bao ＇an District,Guangdong Shenzhen 518133,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518133

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2018年第7期837-841,共5页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的探讨马术辅助干预(EAI)对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童治疗的效果。方法选取2017年1至6月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院就诊的ASD儿童,使用失匹配负波(MMN)和P50两项神经电生理指标检测,评价患儿干预后认知加工和抑制无关刺激功能的变化。通过ABC量表、社交反应量表(SRS)、Achenbach儿童行为量表比较患者干预前后评分变化。结果 20名儿童中有1人(男)各导联未见明显的MMN,数据分析中予以剔除,故最终进行脑电数据分析为19人,出波率为95.0%。比较干预前后MMN在Fz点的潜伏期、波幅及Cz点S2/S1的P50波幅比值,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),且呈现干预后MMN在Fz点潜伏期缩短、波幅增大的变化趋势。干预后SRS总分显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t=2.414,P<0.05);ABC量表由于家长观察的ASD症状情况,干预后总分也显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t=2.654,P<0.05);干预前后ASD患儿CBCL总分无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 EAI可改善ASD儿童社交能力和ASD症状。Objective To explore the effect of Equine-assisted interventions（EAI）in children with autism spectrum disorder（ASD）.Methods ASD children who were admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Bao＇an District during January to June 2017 were selected.The changes in cognitive processing and inhibition-independent stimulatory function after intervention were evaluated by two neuroelectrophysiological indicators detection,mismatch negativity（MMN）and P50.The Autistic Behavior Checklists（ABC）,Social Responsiveness Scales（SRS）and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklists（CBCL）were adopted to compare the changes in scores of children before and after intervention.Results There was 1 child（male）of the 20 children without obvious MMN in each lead,which had been excluded from the data analysis.Therefore,there were 19 children involved in the final analysis for EEG data,and the appearing rate of wave was 95.00%.There were no significant differences in the latency and amplitude of MMN at Fz point and the P50 amplitude ratio of S2/S1 at Cz point before and after intervention（all P〉0.05）,and after intervention the latency of MMN was shortened and the amplitude increased at F2 point.After intervention,the total scores of SRS decreased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant（t=2.414,P〈0.05）.For the ABC scale,according to the ASD symptoms observed by parents of the children,the total score after intervention also decreased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant（t=2.654,P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the total score of CBCL in children with ASD before and after intervention（P〉0.05）.Conclusion EAI can improve the social ability and autistic symptoms of ASD children.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 马术辅助干预 事件相关电位 儿童 社交能力 

分 类 号：R748[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]