回流对贫困地区农村儿童心理健康的影响——基于农村寄宿制学校的实证检验  

The Effect of Reflux on Mental Health of Rural Children:An Empirical Research Based on Survey of Rural Boarding Schools

作　　者：黎煦[1] 朱志胜 LI Xu;ZHU Zhi-sheng(School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070;School of Hospitality Management,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070 [2]北京第二外国语学院酒店管理学院,北京100024

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第4期26-38,共13页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"基于人力资本的我国代际收入流动机制与公共政策研究"(14BSH023)

摘　　要：在当前的户籍制度和城市教育政策下,回流现象在农村流动儿童中普遍存在。根据2015年河北和四川两省五县137所农村寄宿制学校的调研数据,使用固定效应模型首次从经验上分析儿童生命历程早期的回流经历对农村儿童心理健康的影响,结果表明:回流经历会对农村儿童的心理健康产生显著的负面影响,造成回流儿童的抑郁风险增大,同时降低了他们的自尊和抗逆力水平。相比而言,短期随迁儿童一旦发生回流将面临更高的抑郁风险,而随着回流时间的延长,回流儿童的自尊和抗逆力将得到改善,但他们的抑郁风险仍无法自然缓解,必须进行适当的心理干预。初步的机制分析表明,来自城市和农村成长环境的"双重排斥"是造成回流儿童的心理健康恶化的重要原因。The large-scale migration in China has an important impact on the mental health of the rural children.The previous studies have only focused on the left behind children and migrant children,while ignoring the return phenomenon which is common for rural migrant children because of the current household registration system and education policies.The vast majority of migrant children will eventually be forced to become the returning children.Based on the survey data of 137 rural boarding schools in five counties of Hebei and Sichuan in 2015,this paper empirically examined the effect of Reflux on rural children＇s mental health.We find that reflux experience indeed has a significant negative impact on the mental health of rural children,which increases the risk of depression and lowers the self-esteem and resilience level.In contrast,the children who have short-term migrant experience will face a higher risk of depression once they returned.The returning children＇s self-esteem and resilience over time will be improved,but the risk of depression cannot be naturally released.Simultaneously,the mechanism analysis shows that the ＂double exclusion＂ from the urban and rural is an important reason for the deterioration of the mental health of rural children.

关 键 词：农村儿童 心理健康 户籍制度 城市教育政策 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]